Diclofenac Sodium Gingival Patches for Localized Periodontitis Therapy: Preparation, Characterization, and In Silico Evaluation
Wardana, M., Ginting, D., Anggraeni, Y., Dahlizar, S., Humaedi, A. (2025). Diclofenac Sodium Gingival Patches for Localized Periodontitis Therapy: Preparation, Characterization, and In Silico Evaluation. EKB Journal Management System, (), -. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.423873.2748
Mutia Sari Wardana; Delvina Ginting; Yuni Anggraeni; Sabrina Dahlizar; Aji Humaedi. "Diclofenac Sodium Gingival Patches for Localized Periodontitis Therapy: Preparation, Characterization, and In Silico Evaluation". EKB Journal Management System, , , 2025, -. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.423873.2748
Wardana, M., Ginting, D., Anggraeni, Y., Dahlizar, S., Humaedi, A. (2025). 'Diclofenac Sodium Gingival Patches for Localized Periodontitis Therapy: Preparation, Characterization, and In Silico Evaluation', EKB Journal Management System, (), pp. -. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.423873.2748
Wardana, M., Ginting, D., Anggraeni, Y., Dahlizar, S., Humaedi, A. Diclofenac Sodium Gingival Patches for Localized Periodontitis Therapy: Preparation, Characterization, and In Silico Evaluation. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; (): -. doi: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.423873.2748

Diclofenac Sodium Gingival Patches for Localized Periodontitis Therapy: Preparation, Characterization, and In Silico Evaluation

Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 10 October 2025
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.423873.2748
Authors
Mutia Sari Wardana* 1; Delvina Ginting2; Yuni Anggraeni2; Sabrina Dahlizar2; Aji Humaedi1
1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Binawan University, Jakarta, Indonesia
2Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, Banten, Indonesia
Abstract
Periodontitis is chronic inflammatory disease of the gingiva and periodontal ligament that causes connective tissue and alveolar bone damage. This study aimed to develop a diclofenac sodium (DS) gingival patch for localized anti-inflammatory therapy and to evaluate its molecular interactions through in silico analysis. Patches were prepared and characterized to identify the optimized composition, while docking studies using AutoDock 4.2 assessed inhibitory effects on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). The optimized F3 using ratio sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (2:1) exhibited desirable properties, including high diffusion rate, good folding endurance, and a favorable swelling index. Tegaderm backing membrane effectively restricted drug loss, ensuring unidirectional diffusion. Docking results showed strong binding affinities of DS to TNF-α (–8.46 kcal/mol), PTP-1B (–7.15 kcal/mol), and ERK (–7.05 kcal/mol), with stable ligand–protein complexes indicating higher biological efficacy. Overall, the gingival patch showed potential as a localized drug delivery system, while the in silico results suggested that DS may exhibit anti-inflammatory activity.
Keywords
Diclofenac sodium; Drug delivery system; Gingival patch; In silico; Periodontitis
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