Evaluation of the use Citrullus colocynthis against common isolated Fungi from leather bookbinding from the Mamlukʼs period. | ||
| مجلة البØوث والدراسات الاثرية | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 10 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/archmu.2025.396379.1320 | ||
| Authors | ||
| رØاب ثابت عبد الوهاب توني ثابت* 1; heba kenawy2 | ||
| 1كليه | ||
| 2minia | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Evaluation of the use Citrullus colocynthis against common isolated Fungi from leather bookbinding from the Mamlukʼs period. Abstract This paper aims to evaluate the use of Citrullus colocynthis against common fungi isolated from leather bookbinding from the Mamlukʼs period. Analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy with EDX (SEM.EDX), optical microscopy, pH measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR and mechanical properties were used to evaluate the fungal effect on leather binding and to assess the effectiveness of colocynth fruit in treating leather bindings from fungal influence. Microbiological examination showed that Aspergillus niger and Penicillium are the most common microbes that infect antique leather bindings. Citrullus colocynthis has been used to treat leather bindings from fungal influence. The study proved that Citrullus colocynthis was effective in inhibiting fungi and treating historical leather bookbinding. Keywords- Manuscript from the Mamlukʼs period, leather, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium, Citrullus colocynthis. 1. Introduction Historical Arabic manuscripts with leather bookbindings are one of the most important national treasures in the holdings of Arab libraries (Hassan et al., 2023). The historical manuscript is composed of carbohydrate materials (cellulose) represented in the paper and protein materials represented in leather, which is a type of protein known as collagen. The chemical material composition of the manuscripts also consists of inks, which are mineral or organic chemical dyes (Espejo et al., 2010). | ||
| Keywords | ||
| leather; Aspergillus niger; Penicillium; Citrullus colocynthis | ||
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