Spectrum of central nervous system magnetic resonance imaging findings in pediatric leukemic patients | ||
| Zagazig University Medical Journal | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 10 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/zumj.2025.418546.4143 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Alaa Atef Eisa* 1; Ahmed Sabry Ragheb2; Sameh Saber Biauomy3; Rabab Mohamed Abdelhay3 | ||
| 1Radiodiagnosis department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. | ||
| 2Professor of Radiodiagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor of Radiodiagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| ABSTRACT Background: Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer and may affect the CNS through infiltration or treatment-related complications. MRI provides optimal evaluation, and recognizing its diverse findings is key to early diagnosis and better outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 24 pediatric leukemic patients with CNS manifestations. (mean age 10.96±2.57 years; range from 7.5 to 15.5 years; 58.3%male and 41.7% females). Clinical and laboratory evaluations were followed by a brain MRI at our university hospital's radiological department during the period of six months from January 2025 to June 2025. Imaging included T1WI, T2WI, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), ADC mapping, Spectroscopy(MRS), and contrast-enhanced sequences. Results: Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) was the most common CNS complication, observed in 6 (25%) cases, followed by Metastasis that was present in 5 (20.8%) cases, then Brain atrophic changes &Sinus thrombosis were noted in 3 cases for each of them (12.5% for each ), Ischemia was identified in 2 (5.3%) cases, Other less common findings, each occurring in only one case (2.6% of the total cohort), included hemorrhagic encephalitis, necrotizing encephalitis, meningioma, CNS cytotoxicity, demyelinating foci, white matter leukoencephalopathy, hemorrhage, brain atrophic changes combined with metastasis and PRES combined with sinus thrombosis. Conclusion: MRI is necessary for detecting several pediatric leukemias’ CNS complications. Early diagnosis through imaging helps guide the treatment and improve outcomes. Understanding these MRI findings is essential for effective patient management and long-term care. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Pediatric leukemia; CNS; MRI; CVST; PRES | ||
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