Mapping of the exterior cerebral architecture in donkey (Equus asinus) | ||
| Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Research article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2025.385974.1713 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Azza Ali Hassan Ibrahim1; Hewa Mohamed Ali2; Mohamed Kamal Abdel Maksoud* 3; HebatAllah Hamdy Mahmoud1 | ||
| 1Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt | ||
| 2Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, 44001, Iraq | ||
| 3Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Morphological identification of the cerebral cortex is crucial for recognition and mapping of various brain functions. The objective of this study was to grossly describe the sulci and gyri in the exterior cerebral cortex of the donkey's brain. To achieve this study, we used fifteen cadaveric heads of adult healthy donkeys, free from neurological disorders. These heads were preserved in 10% formalin for two weeks, and then they were gently dissected to extract the brain. The cerebral cortex of these specimens was precisely inspected to identify the morphology, location, and extension pattern of each gyrus and sulcus. The identified gyri and sulci were briefly described in a color-coded map representing the exterior topography of the cerebral cortex. In addition, the measurements of each gyrus and sulcus on the right and left sides of the cerebral cortex were recorded. The findings in this study revealed extensive and massive gyral and sulcal formation of the cerebral cortex in donkey. Moreover, the identified gri and sulci were compared to the previously described nomenclatures, which showed great similarity to those in horse with some variability, especially the extension of the sulci and pattern of gyral formation. The statistical analysis revealed relatively variable measurements of the gyri and sulci between the right and left sides of the cerebral cortex with no significant difference between them (p > 0.05). The colored map of the cerebral cortex obtained in this study could help as an index reference for further neurological studies in donkey. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Cerebral architecture; Donkey; Gyri; Mapping; Sulci | ||
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