Incidence Of Bacterial Infection in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgeries | ||
| International Journal of Medical Arts | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 16 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ijma.2025.407540.2227 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Asmaa Hassan Eltoney* 1; Naglaa Aboulazayem2; Amr Mohamed Abdelhady Alkhrsawy3; Mahmoud Mohamed El Said4 | ||
| 1Clinical Psychologist, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt. | ||
| 2Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||
| 3Department of Clinical Pathology, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt. | ||
| 4Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Abstract Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are significant postoperative complications in orthopedic procedures, often leading to prolonged hospitalization, increased healthcare costs, and impaired functional recovery. The growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms further complicates management and outcomes. Aim: This study aimed to determine the incidence, causative organisms, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of SSIs in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery at Damietta University Hospital. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients who developed SSIs out of 300 who underwent orthopedic surgeries over a 6-month period (October 2023 to May 2024). Clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and microbiological analyses were performed. Isolates were identified through culture and biochemical testing. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method in accordance with CLSI 2024 guidelines. Results: The incidence of SSIs was 33.3%. The mean age of infected patients was 42.97 ± 22.73 years, with a male predominance (65%). Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 63% of infections, with Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most common isolates (16% each), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (12%). Gram-positive organisms, primarily Staphylococcus aureus (25%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (12%), comprised 37% of cases. MRSA was identified in 40% of S. aureus cases. P. aeruginosa showed high sensitivity to ceftazidime, piperacillin–tazobactam, and levofloxacin. Gram-positive strains were most susceptible to ceftaroline and cefoxitin. Conclusion: SSIs remain a prevalent complication following orthopedic surgery, with a predominance of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Effective infection control, appropriate prophylactic strategies, and continuous monitoring of resistance patterns are essential for improving surgical outcomes. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Orthopedic surgery; surgical site infection; antimicrobial resistance; Gram-negative bacteria; MRSA | ||
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