Comparison of Antibiotic Resistances of Different Bacterial Species Isolated from Human and Animal Sources and Their Relation to sea Gene | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 01 April 2026 | ||
| Document Type: New and original researches in the field of Microbiology. | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2025.426994.1892 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Majid A. Kadhim* ; Munaff J. Abd Al-Abbas | ||
| Biology Department, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become one of the major modern challenges, posing threats to both humans and animals, particularly resistance to chloramphenicol and florfenicol. Objective: To study the distribution of different bacterial species in animal sources and their resistance to various antibiotics, as well as to detect the presence of the sea gene in bacteria isolated from animal sources. Methodology: Forty-two nasal and oral samples were collected from different animals between November 2021 and November 2022. Additionally, 75 human-identified bacterial isolates were obtained from a previous study for comparison. Results: A phylogenetic tree was constructed to show the relationships between 30 different bacterial species isolated from animals and their respective type strains from GenBank. Nine animal bacterial strains were identified as novel global strains and were designated as IRQBAS-230 to IRQBAS-238. Bacterial species isolated from humans exhibited higher resistance to chloramphenicol (72%) and florfenicol (55%) compared to those isolated from animals (50% and 48%, respectively). Furthermore, human isolates showed greater resistance to streptomycin, kanamycin, clindamycin, and other antibiotics than animal isolates. The sea gene was detected in 11 out of 35 (31%) bacterial isolates from animals. Conclusion: There is a direct relationship between resistance to chloramphenicol and florfenicol and resistance to other antibiotics studied. Moreover, the sea gene was detected in various animal bacterial species. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Bacterial resistance; Molecular detection; Sea gene; IRQBAS-230 | ||
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