Chemical structure and acute toxicity of thirteen insecticides on two marine clams: Tapes decussata and Venerupis aurea | ||
| Journal of Pest Control and Environmental Sciences | ||
| Volume 9, Issue 2, August 2001, Pages 29-44 PDF (494.51 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpces.2001.460073 | ||
| Author | ||
| Ali A. Elsabaa* | ||
| Dept. of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources; Alareesh Faculty of Environmental Agric Sciences, Suez Canal Univ. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Thirteen insecticides including four organophosphates; five synthetic pyrethroids, two oxime carbamates, one organocholine hydrocarbon and one antimoulting agent were compared for their acute toxicity in terms of 96 hr. LC50 against two edible economically important clams (Tapes decussata and Venerupis aurea). Generally, Tapes decussata was more susceptible to these insecticides except for endosulfan and diflubenzuron to which Venerupis aurea was particularly more sensitive. The molar LC50 values were calculated by dividing the absolute LC50 value in mg/l by the respective molecular weight of each compound. It is anticipated that the molar LC50 values will be more precise in attributing the acute toxicity to the molecular structure. The comparison revealed that the presence of halogen in general and chlorine in particular are always correlated with hazard potential to the tested marine clams. Therefore, chlorpyrifos was the more toxic followed by profenfos; in the four screened OPs. Similarly, cypermethrin, fenvaltrate and deltamethrin were the more toxic synthetic pyrethroids followed by, tetramethrin, and permethrin in a descending order. The presence of cyanide moiety in cypermethrin fenvalerate and deltamethrin supported their relative higher toxicity of class II of the synthetic pyrethroids. Endosulfan containing six Cl, was found to be of high toxicity especially to Venerupis aurea. Dichlorbenzuron contains also Cl and F, and was relatively of higher toxicity especially to Venerupis aurea. The order of relative toxicity was changed according to the variation in molecular weight. Thus, it can be concluded that acute toxicity is important to be screened for each compound on various marine biota to detect the potential hazard of pesticides as environmental pollutants. | ||
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