Toxic and biochemical impact of certain plant essential oils on Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Hom., Aleyrodidae) | ||
| Journal of Pest Control and Environmental Sciences | ||
| Volume 14, Issue 1, June 2006, Pages 81-99 PDF (402.38 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpces.2006.460120 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Fatma A. El-Meniawi* 1; Seham M. Ismail2 | ||
| 1Department of Economic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria | ||
| 2Central Laboratory of Pesticides, Sabahia, Alexandria, A.R.C. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Insecticidal effect of five plant essential oils namely: garlic, neem, ginger, peppermint and jojoba were determined against Bemisia tabaci female and male adults. The results showed that jojoba oil was the most potent against both sexes of the subject whitefly followed by peppermint and neem oil. On the contrary, ginger oil showed to have less toxic effect followed by garlic oil. Generally, all tested oils exhibited a superior toxic effect on males rather than females of B. tabaci. In addition, effects of LC50 of the tested oils on the in vitro inhibition of ATPase, chitinase and AChE were determined in comparison with three specific inhibitors pesticides (cyhalothrin, diuron and malathion). All essential oils showed very weak inhibitory effect (less than 50%) on the three tested enzymes. Effect of mixing plant essential oils with specific inhibitors on the in vitro inhibition of ATPase, chitinase and AChE was also investigated. Results proved that mixing of jojoba oil with cyhalothrin induced non-significant differences in the percentages of inhibition against ATPase. While, mixing of garlic oil with diuron and mixing of peppermint oil with malathion significantly increased the percentages of inhibition against chitinase and AChE, respectively. The results emphasized that I50 and Ki values decreased when oils mixed with pesticides. The highest reduction percentage of I50 was recorded for the mixture of peppermint oil with malathion, as the reduction were 38.00 and 37.14% for females and males followed by the mixture of garlic oil with diuron, which caused 31.48 and 35.14% for females and males, respectively. While, the mixture of jojoba oil with cyhalothrin caused 12.50 and 6.25% reduction in I50 value for females and males, respectively. The same trend was also shown for Ki values. The present study suggest that the toxicity of the tested oils make them potential materials for use in a comprehensive integrated pest management program for the subject pest. In addition, results declared that the inhibitory effect of organophosphorus insecticide, malathion on AChE and phenylurea herbicide, diuron on chitinase can be enhanced by mixing with peppermint and garlic oil, respectively. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Bemisia tabaci; Plant essential oils; Chitinase; AChE; ATPase; Pesticide mixtures; LC50; I50; Ki values; IPM | ||
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