A Tactical Adaptive Routing Algorithm with Reinforced Energy and Risk Awareness for Battlefield Communication Networks | ||
| Journal of Engineering Science and Military Technologies | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 22 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejmtc.2025.392838.1330 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Nadhir Ibrahim ABDULKHALEQ* 1; Ahmed Saad Hussein2; Saif Ahmed Abed3 | ||
| 1Department of Mobile Computing and Communication, College of Engineering-UoITC, IRAQ | ||
| 2department of mobile communication and computing engineering,college of Engineering-UoITC,Iraq | ||
| 32Department of Medical Devices Technology, Institute of Technology-Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This paper introduces TAR-RERA (Tactical Adaptive Routing with Reinforced Energy and Risk Awareness), a novel routing algorithm designed for ad-hoc communication in hostile or dynamic environments such as battlefield zones and disaster-response operations. Unlike conventional routing methods, TAR-RERA adapts dynamically to threat zones and energy levels, ensuring resilient and energy-efficient paths in the presence of adversarial risks. The algorithm integrates threat-aware path computation with energy balancing and is benchmarked against the standard Dijkstra algorithm across two configurations: fixed and dynamic source-destination scenarios. Extensive MATLAB-based simulations were conducted over 10 randomized network topologies for each scenario. Results in the fixed configuration show that TAR-RERA achieves a 100% success rate and an 80% threat avoidance rate—double that of Dijkstra—while maintaining a reasonable increase in cost. In the dynamic configuration, TAR-RERA sustains a 99.4% success rate and outperforms Dijkstra in avoidance and cost metrics. Across both cases, TAR-RERA consistently finds secure paths while minimizing threat exposure and balancing route efficiency. These findings demonstrate TAR-RERA’s effectiveness as a robust solution for tactical wireless routing in real-time, threat-prone conditions without significantly compromising path length or delivery rate. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Tactical Routing; Ad-Hoc Networks; Threat Avoidance; Energy-Aware Communication; Battlefield Simulation | ||
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