The Inhibitory Effect of Biological Products of Trichormus variabilis against some Species of Drug-Resistant Bacteria which Isolated from Different Source of Infection | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 01 April 2026 | ||
| Document Type: New and original researches in the field of Microbiology. | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejmm.2025.431004.1918 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Shymaa N. Dahham1; Mohammed N. Maaroof* 2; Shymaa M. Murshid3; Mais Q. Mohamed4 | ||
| 1Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq | ||
| 2Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq | ||
| 3Department of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq | ||
| 4College of Health & Medical Techniques–Al-Dour, Northern Technical University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Antibiotic resistance represents a serious global health challenge, creating an urgent need to discover new natural compounds with antimicrobial activity. Cyanobacteria such as Trichormus variabilis produce biologically active metabolites that may serve as effective agents against drug-resistant pathogens. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of biological products from Trichormus variabilis against several antibiotic-resistant bacterial species isolated from different infection sources. Methodology: Twenty-two clinical samples were collected from patients at Iraq’s Tikrit Teaching Hospital. Blood agar, MacConkey agar, and Mannitol salt agar were used for cultivation and isolation. Results: Fifteen samples (68.18%) showed bacterial growth, including eight Gram-positive (53.3%) and seven Gram-negative (46.7%) isolates. The most frequent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (26.66%), Staph. epidermidis (20%), and Escherichia coli (20%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.33% each), and Proteus mirabilis (6.66%). All isolates exhibited resistance to most tested antibiotics. Extracts of Trichormus. variabilis demonstrated inhibitory effects against several resistant strains, with stronger activity against Gram-negative bacteria. E. coli showed the highest sensitivity, forming inhibition zones of 18, 20, and 22 mm at concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 10%, respectively. In contrast, Staph. epidermidis showed lower susceptibility, with inhibition zones of 10, 12, and 13 mm. Conclusion: The biological compounds of Trichormus variabilis possess potent antibacterial properties, especially against Gram-negative species. The inhibitory effect increased proportionally with concentration, indicating the potential of Trichormus. variabilis as a natural source of antimicrobial agents for combating drug-resistant bacteria. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Cyanobacteria; Trichormus variabilis; pathogenic bacteria | ||
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