Effect of Sulphuric Acid-Induced Acidic Environment on the Antioxidant Activity and Mitigating Role of Vitamins (C and E) in Oreochromis niloticus | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences | ||
| Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 26 October 2025 PDF (453.28 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejvs.2025.411198.3023 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Ayesha Yaseen* 1; Amara Akhtar2; Khadija Bareera1; Maniha Maniha2; Misha Khalid1; Muhammad Hamza Babar3 | ||
| 1Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan | ||
| 2Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan. | ||
| 3Department of Life Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Anthropogenic activities acidify water bodies by altering pH levels, primarily through industrial and agricultural chemical discharge and indirectly via acid rain. Fish are one of the most crucial and sensitive bioindicators in toxicological studies. This study evaluated the effects of sulphuric acid-induced acidic environment on the antioxidant activity and the mitigating role of vitamins (C+E) in Oreochromis niloticus. The T0 (control) received a basal diet at optimal pH without vitamin supplements. The O. niloticus fingerings (T1, T2, and T3) were exposed to varying pH levels (pH 6.5, 6, and 5.5) for 21 days. Antioxidant parameter results showed a significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the acid-exposed groups compared to T0 (control group). The role of combined and isolated vitamins (C+E, E, and C) in mitigating sulphuric acid-induced toxicity (T1, T2, and T3) was examined for a period of next 21 days. Antioxidant parameter results showed a significant increase in TAC, CAT, SOD and GPx in the vitamin-supplemented groups compared to T0. This study highlighted that a sulphuric acid-induced acidic environment (low pH) significantly disrupted the antioxidant systems of O. niloticus. These findings confirm that vitamins (C+E) neutralize oxidative stress due to acid stress effectively. Vitamin C showed more significant effects on antioxidant parameters than vitamin E. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| antioxidant status; ROS; mitigate; oxidative stress; catalase; superoxide dismutase; glutathione peroxidase | ||
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