Clinical Relevance of MALAT1 Long Non-Coding RNA in Early Detection and Risk Stratification of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | ||
| Zagazig University Medical Journal | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 28 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/zumj.2025.421566.4169 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Nearmeen M Rashad* 1; Amal S elshal2; Esraa Samy Ahmed3; Amani Sebaie Ebrahim Abdel-Aziz4; Ahmed Atef Zaki Arafa5 | ||
| 1Diabetes and Endocrine Unit -Internal Medicin Departement -Zagazig University | ||
| 2Professor of Biochemistry, faculty of medicine, zagazig university | ||
| 3Internal medicine department- zagazig university | ||
| 4internal medicine department- zagazig university | ||
| 5Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), yet traditional risk markers do not fully capture cardiovascular burden. Long non-coding RNAs such as MALAT1 have emerged as regulators of vascular pathology. This study investigated circulating MALAT1 expression in T2DM patients, its relationship with CAD, and its diagnostic potential. Methods: A case–control study included 114 participants: 76 patients with T2DM and 38 matched healthy controls. Diabetic patients were subdivided into CAD (n = 38) and non-CAD (n = 38) groups based on coronary angiography. MALAT1 expression was quantified using real-time PCR. CAD severity was evaluated using the SYNTAX score. Results: MALAT1 was significantly upregulated in T2DM compared with controls (5.27 ± 2.6 vs. 1.01 ± 0.19, p < 0.001), and higher in diabetics with CAD than those without (7.6 ± 1.4 vs. 2.9 ± 0.72, p < 0.001). Expression increased stepwise with CAD severity categories. MALAT1 correlated positively with blood pressure, BMI, fasting glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, and SYNTAX score (r = 0.966, p < 0.001). Regression analysis identified HbA1c, LDL-C, HDL-C, and fasting glucose as independent predictors, p < 0.001. ROC analysis demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy for T2DM (AUC 0.993), CAD detection in diabetics (AUC 0.987), and CAD severity prediction (AUC > 0.98). Conclusion: Circulating MALAT1 is markedly elevated in T2DM, particularly in those with CAD, and strongly reflects angiographic disease severity. MALAT1 exhibits excellent diagnostic performance, supporting its potential as a novel biomarker for CAD in patients with T2DM. . | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Coronary artery disease; Long non-coding RNA; MALAT1 expression; SYNTAX score | ||
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