5-Azacytidine Reactivates E-cadherin via Promoter Demethylation and Induces Autophagy in Colorectal Cancer Cells | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||
| Volume 69, Issue 2, February 2026, Pages 1-7 PDF (1.09 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.418977.12264 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Muhamed A. El Nobey* 1; Salim M. El-Hamidy1, 2; Abdulkader S Omar1, 2; Khalid M.S. AI-Ghamdi1 | ||
| 1Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | ||
| 2Princess Doctor Najla Bint Saud Al Saud Distinguished Research Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a severe neoplasm that is associated with high mortality rates. Aberrant epigenetic alterations are associated with several stages of tumor growth. The FDA has approved 5-Azacytidine (5-aza) for the treatment of specific types of cancers, including leukemia and MDS. Previous studies have demonstrated that E-cadherin1 (CDH1) expression is suppressed in CRC. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying CDH1 suppression remain unclear. This investigation focused on examining whether 5-aza has a significant effect on CRC treatment using the human LS513 cell line. MTT test was used to evaluate the LS513 cell viability following 5-aza treatment; cell proliferation along with autophagy were assessed using flow cytometry; CDH1 expression was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting, while methylation-specific PCR (MSP-PCR) was used to investigate the degree of methylation in the CDH1 promoter region. These Findings indicate that 5-aza reduced the viability of LS513 cells in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). 5-aza treatment arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, triggered autophagy, and upregulated CDH1 expression following deactivation of the hypermethylated CDH1 promoter. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Colorectal cancer; DNA methylation; 5-Azacytidine; CDH1 | ||
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