Box-Behnken Optimization of Rosuvastatin-Curcumin Co-Loaded Nanoparticles for Synergistic Anti-Atherosclerotic Therapy | ||
| Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 31 October 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2025.413817.2727 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Varsha Rawat* 1; Khomendra Kumar Sarwa2; S. Prakash Rao1 | ||
| 1Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg, Pincode-490042, Chhattisgarh, India | ||
| 2Department of Pharmacy, Government Girls Polytechnic Raipur Chhattisgarh India | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The present study reports the formulation and optimization of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles co-encapsulating rosuvastatin and curcumin for synergistic anti-atherosclerotic therapy. A Box–Behnken statistical design was employed to investigate the effects of polymer concentration, polymer-to-drug ratio, and stirring speed on key responses-particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE%), and in-vitro drug release. The optimized formulation exhibited a mean particle size of 155 ± 4 nm, zeta potential of –30 mV, and EE% of 80.1 ± 1.5%, demonstrating excellent colloidal stability and controlled release. In-vitro studies revealed a biphasic release pattern best described by the Higuchi model (R² > 0.98), confirming diffusion-controlled kinetics. The co-loaded nanoparticles enhanced intestinal permeability ex-vivo and produced a synergistic anti-inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages (Combination Index = 0.58). The non-covalent hybrid nanocomplex improved compatibility between rosuvastatin and curcumin, achieving sustained release and enhanced bioavailability. Overall, the optimized PLGA nanocarrier provides a promising dual-drug delivery platform for controlled and synergistic management of atherosclerosis. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Curcumin; Rosuvastatin; PLGA; Atherosclerosis; Box-Behnken Design | ||
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