A comparative study of green and black tea extracts and their inhibitory effects on growth and biofilm formation in uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae | ||
| Microbes and Infectious Diseases | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 01 November 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mid.2025.423246.3209 | ||
| Authors | ||
| shahad raad aljebary* 1; Hassan salah aldeen youins1; Ayat Majeed Zeadan1; Sura Mouaid Abbas2; Saif Mutlag badr3; Fatima Omer Saber1; Falah Hasan Ferman3 | ||
| 1Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| 2Department of biology, College of science university of mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| 3Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs), predominantly caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae, present a significant global health challenge. The protective nature of bacterial biofilms further complicates treatment and necessitates alternative therapeutic strategies. Camellia sinensis (tea) extracts, which are rich in polyphenols, are recognized for their antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties. Objectives: This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm efficacies of green and black tea extracts against clinically isolated uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. Methods: One hundred and one bacterial isolates (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Enterococcus spp.) were obtained from patients with UTI. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion. Biofilm formation was quantified using a microtiter plate assay. The antimicrobial activities of aqueous and ethanolic tea extracts (5-40% concentrations) were assessed using the agar well diffusion method. Results: K. pneumoniae (45.5%) was the most predominantly isolated showing strong biofilm formation. Antibiotics, including piperacillin-tazobactam (40%), had high resistance rates. Both tea extracts showed antimicrobial response in a dose-dependant manner with the inhibiting activity of 40% ethanolic extract being better (inhibition zones: 14-21 mm) and significantly higher as compared to aqueous extract (P=0.020). The action of the extract was higher in comparison to that of some standard antibiotics against resistant isolates. Conclusion: Ethanolic extracts of Camellia sinensis showed potential antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects against uropathogens including MDR. Such findings demonstrate their potential as adjunctive antimicrobials or treatment alternatives for resistant UTIs, thus deserving to determine their specific bioactive molecules and clinical use. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Urinary Tract Infections; Tea; Plant Extracts; Biofilms; Anti-Bacterial Agents0 | ||
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