Optimal biodegradation of the herbicide haloxyfop-R-methyl by the fungus Mucor circinelloides YMM22 | ||
| Journal of Pest Control and Environmental Sciences | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 03 November 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpces.2025.436828.1000 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Youssef M.M. Mohammed* 1; Mohamed E. I. Badawy2 | ||
| 1Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, 22516 Damanhour, Egypt. | ||
| 2Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Aflatoun St., 21545-El-Shatby, Alexandria University; Alexandria, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The widespread use of the herbicide haloxyfop-R-methyl poses environmental risks due to its persistence and toxicity, necessitating the development of effective bioremediation strategies. This study investigated the biodegradation of this herbicide by the fungus Mucor circinelloides YMM22. The fungus was isolated from Egyptian soil which is able to grow in the presence of haloxyfop-R-methyl up to 500 mg/L. The fungus was identified as Mucor circinelloides YMM22 by phenotypic and molecular procedures. The fungus was cultivated in an optimized Czapek Dox agar medium containing haloxyfop-R-methyl (25-500 mg/L) as the sole carbon source for 6 days at 28°C. The highest growth of 5.25 cm was recorded at 100 mg/L haloxyfop-R-methyl. The effects of glucose, shaking speed, and pH on the biodegradation (%) were tested using a Box-Behnken design, and the pesticide residues were determined by HPLC. The optimal biodegradation of 92.13, 85.10, and 86.11% were obtained for 100, 200, and 300 mg/L haloxyfop-R-methyl, respectively at 5.4 g/L glucose, pH 8, and 150 rpm after 5 days of incubation. These findings confirm that M. circinelloides YMM22 is a highly effective and robust biological agent for the detoxification of haloxyfop-R-methyl, showing great potential for application in the bioremediation of contaminated environments. | ||
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