Garlic-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Enhance Dual Antifungal and Defensive properties in Protecting Sugar Beet from Sclerotium rolfsii | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Phytopathology | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 06 November 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejp.2025.428957.1159 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Ayman Yousry Ahmed* 1; Rania A. Saleh2; Heba M. Fattouh3; Hend Talat Eid2 | ||
| 1Dept. of Mycology Research and Disease, Survey, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. | ||
| 2The Identification of Microorganisms, Biological Control of Plant Diseases and Evaluation of Biofungicide Unit (IMPCPDEBU), Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt. | ||
| 3Maize and Sugar Crop Diseases Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) suffers significantly of damping-off and root-rot caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. (Perfect stage: Athelia rolfsii Cruzi.). Chitosan Nano-particles (ChNPs), magnesium Nano-particles (MgNPs), chitosan Nano-particles loaded with garlic (Chitosan at Garlic), and chitosan Nano-particles loaded with algae (Chitosan at algae) were evaluated for their antifungal properties against S. rolfsii under greenhouse, and field conditions. In greenhouse studies MgNPs had no discernible effect, whereas ChNPs, Chitosan at Garlic, and Chitosan at algae suppressed (100%) the mycelial growth at 50 µg ml-1. Among the tested Nano-particles, magnesium NPs were the least effective, followed by ChNPs and Chitosan at algae, while greenhouse experiments confirmed that Chitosan at Garlic performed best, resulting in 82.6% healthy roots at 50 µg ml-1. Enzyme activity studies indicated that plants treated with ChNPs and Chitosan at Garlic had significant higher of peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and chitinase, indicating possible improved systemic resistance. In two consecutive seasonal planting, ChNPs at 50 µg ml-1significantly increased root length, fresh weight, dry matter, sucrose content, and total soluble solids, and achieved the maximum disease reduction (82.6 and 71.67%) compared with infected controls and, in some cases, with the fungicide Vitavax 200. By combining direct antifungal activity with activation, these results suggest that chitosan-based Nano-particles especially formulations loaded with garlic Nano provide an environmentally friendly alternative to fungicides for the management of S. rolfsii of sugar beet. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Biocontrol; Plant defense enzymes; Yield quality; Biosynthesis; Soil-borne pathogens | ||
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