The impact of TLR10 on the resolution of influenza A and B infections during the winter season | ||
| Microbial Biosystems | ||
| Volume 10, Issue 4, December 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mb.2025.416673.1415 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Jinan J. Ghazzi1; Raghad KH. Maeh* 2; Hula Y. Fadhil1; Majid S. Jabir2; Khalida F. AL-Azawi2 | ||
| 1Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. | ||
| 2Department of Biotechnology, College of Applied Science, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The family of toll-like receptors (TLRs) is crucial in recognizing invaders and stimulating innate immunity. This study aimed to identify the role of TLR10 during influenza types A and B infection and its relationship to clinical manifestations. TLR10 levels were measured in a case-control study including 60 influenza (type A and B) patients and 30 controls. The median TLR10 level in patients was significantly lower than in controls (573.5 pg/ml vs. 1479 pg/ml; p = 0.0001). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that TLR10 is an excellent predictor of influenza risk. A level below 987 pg/ml distinguished patients with progressive disease (AUC = 0.903; 95% CI = 0.831–0.974; p < 0.0001; Sensitivity = 88.3%; Specificity = 86.7%). Logistic regression showed a positive correlation between TLR10 and viral load; individuals with TLR10 ≤ the median were more likely to develop severe infection (OR = 35.41; 95% CI = 7.77–161.32; p < 0.001). Median TLR10 was higher in males than females (696.2 pg/ml vs. 533.8 pg/ml; p = 0.036) and higher in influenza-like illness (ILI) than in severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) (626.5 pg/ml vs. 417.5 pg/ml; p = 0.001). In summary, TLR10 could serve as a biochemical marker for disease severity. Lower TLR10 levels are linked to poorer outcomes in influenza patients, suggesting its potential use in guiding treatment and prognosis. Understanding TLR10’s role in influenza is essential for developing novel therapies to improve patient outcomes. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| ILI; influenza type A and B; Iraq; SARI. TLR10 | ||
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