Nano-Boron and spatial distribution modulate the physiological performance of sunflower cultivars under Aswan conditions | ||
| Aswan Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 09 November 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Research article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ajabs.2025.424610.1031 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Hosny Abdelraouf Ali Hamed* 1; El-Saadi Abdel-Hamid Ali2; Ashraf Bakry Ahmed EL-Taib1; Ahmed Salah Mohamed Morsi1 | ||
| 1Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt. | ||
| 2Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The present study was conducted during the 2023 and 2024 growing seasons at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, to evaluate the physiological performance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as affected by spatial distribution, foliar application of nano-boron, and cultivars. The experiment was arranged in a strip-split plot design within a randomized complete block design with three replications. Three factors were studied: (1) plant spatial distribution, where the 25 × 70 cm spacing proved superior, recording the highest photosynthetic rate (22.81 and 22.04 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹), chlorophyll content (286.9 and 216.1 mg m⁻²), and leaf area index (2.53 and 3.61 m² m-²) across the two seasons; (2) foliar nano-boron concentrations, in which the 80 ppm treatment significantly outperformed the other concentrations, producing the highest photosynthetic rate (25.8 and 25.1 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹), chlorophyll content (305.0 and 242.7 mg m⁻²), and leaf area index (2.90 and 4.37 m² m-²); and (3) sunflower cultivars, where Giza 102 exhibited superiority over Sakha 53 by achieving higher mean values of photosynthetic rate (22.30 and 21.11 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹), chlorophyll content (265.7 and 212.6 mg m⁻²), and leaf area index (2.40 and 3.47 m² m-²). Furthermore, the combined interactions among the three studied factors resulted in the highest improvements, confirming the synergistic role of spatial optimization, nano-boron foliar spray, and cultivar selection in enhancing sunflower physiological performance under field conditions. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Aswan; Sunflower Cultivars; photosynthetic rate; Spatial Plant Distribution; Nano-boron oxide | ||
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