Spray-dried encapsulation of Bifidobacterium bifidum using gum Arabic and buffalo whey: Effects on biochemical and immune biomarkers in Albino rats | ||
| Microbes and Infectious Diseases | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 November 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mid.2025.425857.3247 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Asaad Shamil Atiya* ; Abdulridha Ati Jaafar; Mustafa Adnan Idan | ||
| Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Probiotics like Bifidobacterium bifidum require protection from gastrointestinal stress. This study evaluated spray-dried encapsulation using gum Arabic and buffalo whey to enhance the bacterium's survival and efficacy. Methods: B. bifidum was encapsulated via spray-drying (inlet: 136 °C, outlet: 53 °C). Rats were divided into control, free-cell, and groups fed 1% or 3% encapsulated bacteria in curd for three weeks. Serum urea, albumin, and globulin were measured. Results: The encapsulation achieved 72.3 ± 1.5% efficiency and 11.61 ± 0.04 log CFU/g viability. The encapsulated form significantly (p < 0.05) improved serum urea, albumin, and globulin levels compared to other groups, indicating enhanced protein metabolism, liver function, and immune modulation. Conclusion: Gum Arabic and buffalo whey are effective encapsulants that protect B. bifidum and enhance its bioactivity, offering a promising strategy for functional probiotic products. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Keywords: Bifidobacterium bifidum; spray drying; gum Arabic; buffalo whey milk; albino rats | ||
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