Bioaccumulation of Lead (Pb) and Microplastic Contamination in the Estuary of Kombal Bay, North Lombok, Indonesia Using Padina sp. as a Bioindicator
Kusumawati, D., Saptory, R., Adam, M., Supii, A., Lumbessy, S., Lestari, H., Saputra, R., Ramadhani, S., Asmanik, A., Hadiawati, L., Sumarwan, J. (2025). Bioaccumulation of Lead (Pb) and Microplastic Contamination in the Estuary of Kombal Bay, North Lombok, Indonesia Using Padina sp. as a Bioindicator. EKB Journal Management System, 29(6), 449-461. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.437958.6914
Daniar Kusumawati; Reagan Saptory; Moh. Awaludin Adam; Apri Supii; Salnida Yuniarti Lumbessy; Hasriani Ayu Lestari; Raditya Andrean Saputra; Sabilah Fi Ramadhani; Asmanik Asmanik; Lia Hadiawati; Joko Sumarwan. "Bioaccumulation of Lead (Pb) and Microplastic Contamination in the Estuary of Kombal Bay, North Lombok, Indonesia Using Padina sp. as a Bioindicator". EKB Journal Management System, 29, 6, 2025, 449-461. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.437958.6914
Kusumawati, D., Saptory, R., Adam, M., Supii, A., Lumbessy, S., Lestari, H., Saputra, R., Ramadhani, S., Asmanik, A., Hadiawati, L., Sumarwan, J. (2025). 'Bioaccumulation of Lead (Pb) and Microplastic Contamination in the Estuary of Kombal Bay, North Lombok, Indonesia Using Padina sp. as a Bioindicator', EKB Journal Management System, 29(6), pp. 449-461. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.437958.6914
Kusumawati, D., Saptory, R., Adam, M., Supii, A., Lumbessy, S., Lestari, H., Saputra, R., Ramadhani, S., Asmanik, A., Hadiawati, L., Sumarwan, J. Bioaccumulation of Lead (Pb) and Microplastic Contamination in the Estuary of Kombal Bay, North Lombok, Indonesia Using Padina sp. as a Bioindicator. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; 29(6): 449-461. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.437958.6914

Bioaccumulation of Lead (Pb) and Microplastic Contamination in the Estuary of Kombal Bay, North Lombok, Indonesia Using Padina sp. as a Bioindicator

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
Volume 29, Issue 6, November and December 2025, Pages 449-461    PDF (512 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2025.437958.6914
Authors
Daniar Kusumawati* 1; Reagan Saptory1; Moh. Awaludin Adam2; Apri Supii3; Salnida Yuniarti Lumbessy4; Hasriani Ayu Lestari1; Raditya Andrean Saputra5; Sabilah Fi Ramadhani5; Asmanik Asmanik1; Lia Hadiawati6; Joko Sumarwan1
1Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Lombok, Indonesia
2Research Center for Marine Aquqculture, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Mataram, Indonesia
3Research Center of Marine Aquaculture, National Research and Inovation Agency of Indonesia
4Program Study of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Mataram University, NTB, Indonesia.
5Indonesia Biru Foundation (IBF), Indonesia
6Research Center for Food Crop, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
Abstract
The Kombal Bay estuary in North Lombok, Indonesia, shows increasing pollution from anthropogenic sources such as shipping and domestic waste. This study assesses lead (Pb) bioaccumulation and microplastic contamination using Padina sp. as a bioindicator. Water, sediment, and tissue samples from Padina sp. were used in the sampling process. The content of Pb was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), while the distribution of Pb in tissues was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Microplastics were analyzed by examining their morphological characteristics, type, and color using an optical microscope (Olympus Inverted). The research results show that Padina sp. significantly accumulates Pb, while the Pb content in the water is still below the quality standard threshold. SEM analysis revealed a consistent distribution of Pb throughout all part of Padina sp. tissue. On the other hand, microplastic contamination in Kombal Bay showed abundances ranging from 19.5±14.71 to 25±14.54 particles/L in water, 9.25±8.54 to 10.75±9.53 particles/kg in sediment, and 10.25±13.28 to 10.5±10.28 particles/individual on Padina sp. The types of microplastics found include fragments, films, pellets, and fibers, with dominant color variations of yellow, blue, red, black, and green. This finding indicates that coastal ecosystems are experiencing multi-pollutant pollution stress, which could potentially harm aquatic organisms and human health. Therefore, mitigation measures for pollution and further research are needed regarding the long-term toxicological impacts of heavy metals and microplastics on marine biota.
Keywords
Environmental pollutants; Heavy metal Pb; Microplastics; Lombok; Padina sp
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