Comparative histopathological evaluation of different vaccines in broiler chickens experimentally infected with low pathogenic avian influenza (H9N2) and Newcastle disease virus (Genotype VII d) | ||
| International Journal of Comprehensive Veterinary Research | ||
| Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2025, Pages 49-58 PDF (1.86 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ijcvr.2025.356351.1018 | ||
| Authors | ||
| H. M. Asaad* 1; Ola Hassanin2; M. E. Saif-Edin3; Ragab S. Ibrahim3; Moemen A. Mohamed3; Mustafa Hamad4; Mohamed. G. Hamed5; T. M. Abdullatif6 | ||
| 1Poultry diseases department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt | ||
| 2Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt | ||
| 3Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt | ||
| 4Veterinarian at Sohag Veterinary Medicine Directorate | ||
| 5Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University | ||
| 6Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Newcastle disease is one of the most critical poultry diseases threatening the poultry industry and production. It is a highly contagious infection that affects a wide range of poultry species, including chickens. This experiment was designed to examine the role of live vaccine (IB and ND live freeze-dried vaccine) and five different killed vaccines (H9N2 + ND) for their effect on immune organs (bursa of fabricius) and proventriculus after experimental H9N2 infection at 14 days old and challenged with virulent NDV at 21 days old in broiler chickens. Birds were arranged into six separate groups. Group 1 was immunized with (live vaccine and Nobilis H9N2 + ND P.; group 2 was vaccinated with (live vaccine and MEFLUVAC TM H9 + ND7; group 3 was vaccinated with (live vaccine and CEVAC® NEW FLU H9 K; group 4 was immunized with (live vaccine and Gallimune Flu H9 M.E.; group 5 was vaccinated with (live vaccine and ValleyVac H9 – NDG7; and group 6 was considered as a positive control (challenged non-vaccinated). Killed vaccines were applied by the s/c injection route at 4 days old, while live vaccines were given by eye drop route at 7 days old. Group 6 shows the severest clinical signs and lesions in the bursa and proventriculus, while the remaining groups show milder signs. Groups 1 and 5 show the milder signs and histopathological lesions. This indicates the importance of a combination of both live and killed vaccines in vaccination programs for poultry farms, especially for long-lasting birds (layers and breeders). | ||
| Keywords | ||
| ND; LPAI; Histopathology; vaccine; challenge | ||
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