Immunotoxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Spleen of Male Albino Rats with Ameliorative Role of Moringa olifera | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences | ||
| Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 16 November 2025 PDF (1.25 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejvs.2025.412007.3030 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Marwa Abdelsalam Abdallah1; Mamdouh Mohamed Abou Elmagd2; Amal Abdelmonem Halawa2; Alaa Fehaid* 2 | ||
| 1Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahleya, Egypt | ||
| 2Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahleya, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This study aimed to investigate the immunotoxicity of oral zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on spleen of Albino rats with the ameliorative effect of Moringa olifera leaves extract. For 28 days, rats were oral gavaged ZnO NPs at concentrations of 200 and 400 mg/kg, either with or without Moringa extract. Serum levels of antioxidants, Inerleukin-1 Beta (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Caspase-1 were examined, with the different leukocytic count. Histopathological examination of spleen was performed. Additionally, the comet test was used to assess DNA damage. The findings of this study showed that, in comparison to the control group, the mean percentage of lymphocytes increased from ⁓59% up to ⁓71% and the mean percentage of neutrophils dropped from ⁓38% down to ⁓22% following exposure to 400 mg ZnO NPs. There was a significant rise (P<0.001) in nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and fall in glutathione (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Furthermore, compared to the control group, there was a significant increase in the blood levels of IL-1β (⁓78 pg/ml), IL-6 (⁓79 pg/ml), and Caspase-1 activity. The toxicity of ZnO NPs was confirmed by histological evaluation of the spleen, which showed that ZnO NPs cause a variety of pathological lesions. Significant increases in tail length and tail moment relative to control indicate DNA damage caused by ZnO NPs. This discovery may provide a health risk to those who are exposed to ZnO nanoparticles on a regular basis. Moringa leaves showed the protective effect through its anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antioxidant pathways. Numerous bioactive substances, macro and micronutrients are being found in moringa. In conclusion, enhancing hematological and immunological markers allows moringa leaves extract to reduce the toxicity of ZnO NPs and brought them back to normal levels. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Zinc oxide; Nanoparticles; Spleen; antioxidants; DNA damage; Moringa Olifera leaves | ||
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