Cervical Cytology Findings and Microorganisms Among Sudanese Women at Soba Teaching Hospital: Implications for Screening and Awareness | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Medical Research | ||
| Volume 6, Issue 4, October 2025, Pages 124-138 PDF (760.65 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejmr.2025.352323.1770 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Mouna Mahmoud Abdulrahman Medhat1; Mohamed Elfatih A. A. Abdelwadoud2; Rami Yousef3; Sulma Ibrahim Abdalwahab Ibrahim4; Mutaz Mohamed Ibrahim5; Elsadig Ahmed Adam6; Amira Burhan7; Nazik Elmalaika Obaid Husain8; Hind Elrayah Osman* 9 | ||
| 1Department of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan. | ||
| 2Department of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Wad Medani University of Sciences and Technology. | ||
| 3Napata College, SQ.10 building 151, Alreyadh, Khartoum, Sudan | ||
| 4Cervical Cancer Prevention & Research (CCPR) Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Soba University Hospital, Khartoum Postal Code 13314, Sudan. | ||
| 5Department of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan | ||
| 6Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan | ||
| 7Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum Postal Code 11115, Sudan | ||
| 8Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum, Sudan | ||
| 9Department of Preventive Medicine and Public health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Sudanese women after breast cancer. Pap smear screening is an effective diagnostic procedure for early detection. This study aimed to identify cytomorphological patterns in Pap smears from Sudanese females attending the Cervical Cancer Prevention and Research Unit (CCPRU) at Soba Teaching Hospital (STH) in Khartoum, Sudan. Methods: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional, laboratory-based study conducted at CCPRU, STH, Khartoum, Sudan, from December 2020 to June 2021. The study included 118 Sudanese females, age and reproductive status varied. Pap smears were processed using the Pap stain method (Bancroft, 1990). Demographic and clinical data were collected from patient records. Cytological findings were reported based on the Bethesda System 2013. For statistical analysis, SPSS version 23.0 was used. Results: The majority (71.2%) of participants were aged 15-45 years. Cytological diagnoses included NILM (69.5%), HSIL (13.5%), LSIL (12.7%), ASCUS (2.5%), SCC (0.9%), and adenocarcinoma (0.9%). Microorganisms included bacterial vaginosis (21 cases), Actinomyces (3 cases), cellular changes consistent with HPV (14 cases), candida (7 cases), cellular changes consistent with HSV (6 cases) and Trichomonas vaginalis (1 case). The association between cytological findings with the age group and the clinical symptoms proved to be statistically insignificant, while it is significant when related to the cytological characteristics according to the Bethesda system. Conclusion: Cervical cytology is vital for detecting precancerous and cancerous lesions in Sudanese women. The majority of participants were aged 15-45 years, and HSIL was the most common lesion. Establishing regular screening programs and raising awareness about cervical cancer are recommended | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Cervical cancer screening; Human Papillomavirus (HPV); Microorganisms in cervical smears; Precancerous lesions; Cervical cancer awareness | ||
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