Comparative Study on Boosting Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Chitosan-based Nanoparticles and Films Infused with Royal Jelly, Grape Seed Extract, and Garlic Extract | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Botany | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 18 November 2025 | ||
| Document Type: Regular issue (Original Article) | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejbo.2025.377114.3272 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Narguess H. Marei* 1; Ahmed Abdellatif1; Gamal R. Saad2; Dalal Hussien M. Alkhalifah3; Taher A. Salaheldin4; Emtithal M. Abd El-Samie5 | ||
| 1Department of Biology, School of Science and Engineering, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt | ||
| 2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt | ||
| 3Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia | ||
| 4Nanotechnology and Advanced Research Unit, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt | ||
| 5Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Several studies have described chitosan’s notable biodegradability, remarkable biocompatibility, and inherent antibacterial and antifungal properties. However, global antimicrobial resistance still threatens development and health. We report that combining chitosan-based nanoparticles with natural extracts, such as royal jelly, grape seed extract, and garlic extract, enhances chitosan’s antibacterial and antifungal activity more effectively than chitosan-based films with the same combination. The fungus Candida albicans and four bacterial strains, including one from the high-priority pathogens list as per the WHO 2024 recommendations, were examined. Chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized via ionic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate and characterized based on particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The surface morphology of the film was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, swelling index, and thickness measurements were utilized to characterize chitosan films. The research demonstrated that incorporating natural extracts into locust-derived chitosan nanoparticles and films enhanced their antibacterial efficacy relative to commercial chitosan, rendering them suitable for prospective pharmacological uses to overcome antimicrobial resistance in novel and alternative therapies. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Chitosan; Garlic extract; Grape seed extract; Royal jelly | ||
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