Efficacy of Alternaria alternata NMK1 Secondary Metabolites against some Seed-borne Fungi | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Botany | ||
| Article 18, Volume 60, Issue 2, August 2020, Pages 537-548 PDF (1.09 M) | ||
| Document Type: Regular issue (Original Article) | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejbo.2020.21766.1425 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Neveen M. Khalil* 1; R. S. Yousef2 | ||
| 1Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt. | ||
| 2Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| AN AGRICULTURAL soil was used to isolate Alternaria alternata. It was molecularly identified and was given an accession number MN645469 at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and a strain identifier to be Alternaria alternata strain NMK1. Four fractions were collected from the acetic acid extract of its filtrate. Fraction no. 2 showed highest antioxidant activity (71 and 64%, at 200 and 150μg/mL) followed by the crude extract (60 % at 200μg/mL). Safety of using the extracted fractions was tested against the normal human amnion (WISH) cell line. Lowest cytotoxicity values were recorded for fraction no. 2 (19%) followed by the crude extract (28%) at 50μg/mL. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium griseofulvum exhibited highest relative density percentages (28.4, 30.8 and 24.3%) on their respective isolation seeds; wheat, broad bean and kidney bean. Interestingly, fraction no. 2 caused 100% inhibition of these isolated fungal species at 100μg/mL. The minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was estimated to be 50μg/mL against A. flavus and 40μg/mL for A. niger and P. griseofulvum. Generally, subjecting each of the tested isolates to fraction no. 2 led to damage in their DNA as shown by the comet assay. Gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) profiling of fraction no. 2 showed 12 major compounds with diverse possible biological activities being antiinflammatory, insecticide, anticancer, antineoplastic antifungal, and antimicrobial. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Alternaria alternataNMK1; Antifungal activity; Comet assay; Secondary metabolites; Seed-borne fungi | ||
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