ESTIMATION OF WATER BALANCE ELEMENTS OF RAINFALL SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS | ||||
| Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Article 11, Volume 26, Issue 2, April 2009, Page 726-735 PDF (274.83 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjae.2009.109487 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Abdullah S. Al-Wagdany1; Mohamed E. Kiwan2 | ||||
| 1Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, KSA. | ||||
| 2Department of Irrigation and Hydraulics, College of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Rainfall simulation is an easy and relatively cheap method to get remarkable amount of hydrological data within short period of time instead of depending on a very rare natural rainfall particularly in arid regions. This technique was largely utilized in different parts of the worlds especially in arid and semiarid regions. However, research and applications of rainfall simulators are very rare in the Arab World. This study is probably one of the earliest applications of rainfall simulators in this part of the world. The study location is an experimental plot within the main stream of Namman basin located in the south east of Makkah city in western Saudi Arabia. In this study, six rainfall simulation experiments are conducted using rainfall simulator which has been developed from locally available materials. The experiments provided values of runoff and infiltration volumes resulted from simulated rainfall events which have varied characteristics. The results of the study indicated that values of runoff volume mainly depend on values of rainfall intensity and then on values of rainfall duration. The results of the study are promising and it is recommended to conduct more rainfall simulation experiments on the study region and on other semi arid regions in the Arab World. | ||||
| References | ||||
|
Abrahams, A. D., Parsons A. J. and Wainwright, J., 1995, Effects of vegetation change on interrill runoff and erosion, Walnut Gulch, southern Arizona, Geomorphology, 13(1-4), 37-48.
Abrahams, A. D., Parsons A. J. and Luk, S., 1988, Hydrologic and sediment responses to simulated rainfall on desert hillslopes in southern Arizona, CATENA, 15( 2), 103-117. AL-Houri, Z. M., 2008, Modifications On The Existing Design Parameters To Improve The Performance Of Infiltration Treatment BMPS In Cold Climates, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Washington State University, USA.
Al-Wagdany, A. S. and Kiwan, M. E., 2008, Design and Construction of a Rainfall Simulator, submitted for publication.
Dolan, L. and Marston, R., 1988, Factors Influencing Rainsplash Erosion And Runoff In anArid Watershed, Proceedings of Water and the West: A Symposium on Water Resources and Related Issues, 137-142.
Eldridge, D. J. and J. Rothon, 1992, Runoff and Sediment Yield From a Semi-Arid Woodland in Eastern Australia. 1. The Effect of Pasture Type. The Rangeland Journal 14(1) 26 – 39
Meyer, L. D. 1988. Rainfall simulators for soil conservation research. In Soil Erosion Research Methods, 75-96. R. Lal, ed. Ankeny, Iowa: Soil and Water Conservation Society.
Munster, C. L., Taucer, P. I., Wilcox, B. P., Porter, S. C. and Richards, C. E., 2006, An Approach for Simulating Rainfall Above the Tree canopy at the Hilslope Scale, Transaction of American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 49(4), 915-924.
Renard, K. G. 1985. Rainfall simulators and USDA erosion research: History, perspective, and future. In Proc. Rainfall Simulator Workshop, 3-6. Wheat Ridge, Colo.: Society of RangeManagement.
Stone, J. J. , Paige G. B and Hawkins R H., 2008, Rainfall Intensity-Dependent Infiltration Rates On Rangeland Rainfall Simulator Plots, Transactions of the ASABE , 51(1) , 45-53.
Wilcox, B.P., Wood, M,K., Tromble, J.T., and Ward, T.J., 1986, A hand-portable single nozzle rainfall simulator designed for use on steep slopes, Journal of Range Management, 39 (4).
Wilcox, B. P., M. K. Wood, and J. M. Tromble. 1988. Factors influencing infiltrability of semiarid mountain slopes. J. Range Mgmt. 41(3): 197-206.
Williams, J. D., Wilkins, D. E., McCool, D. K., Baarstad, L. L., Klepper B. L. and Papendick, R. I, 1996, The Pacific Northwest Rainfall Simulator: A Research Tool For The Interior Northwest, ColumbiaBasin Agricultural Research Annual Report, Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, USA. | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 76 PDF Download: 140 |
||||
