Efficacy of some biotic and abiotic treatments in controlling Alternariasolani the causal of tomato early blight disease in vitro and in vivo | ||||
| Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor | ||||
| Article 10, Volume 54, Issue 4, December 2016, Page 929-938 PDF (553.92 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/assjm.2016.112677 | ||||
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| Abstract | ||||
| Early blight of tomato caused by Alternariasolaniis one of the most common foliar diseases of tomato. Fivetested Trichoderma isolates were most effective in reducing growth of A. solani(As-3) than the tested Bacillus isolates. The highest reduction% was recorded with Trichodermaaureoviride-I(T-1) followed by Trichodermaaureoviride-II (T-2), Bacillussubtilis-I (B-24) and Bacillusamyloliquefaciens-II(B-19). Spraying plants with any of the tested antagonists before inoculation with A. solani under greenhouse conditions decreased the early blight disease severity (DS) by 15.1 to 45.3% compared with the infected control treatment with the pathogen only which recorded 93.4% of DS%. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-II (B-19),T. virens (T-11)and T. harzianum-II (T-13) were the most effective for controlling early blight disease at 21-day post inoculation. All plant oils reduced the growth of A. solani isolate (As-3) with superiority of the high concentrations. The highest decreased % in growth of A. solani occurred with the 6.0% concentration. Among the five plant oils, cinnamon was the most effective followed by cloves then marjoram, while garlic was the least effective. Moreover, all oils at 3% concentration were moderately effective in controlling the disease. Clove and marjoram oil were the most effective in decreasing the infection at 21-day post inoculation with the pathogen while, garlic oil was the least effective. All tested chemical inducers reduced the growth of A. solani(As-3) on PDA plates. The high concentration 400 mM of sodium bicarbonate and potassium hydrogen carbonate was the most effective. Salicylic acid at 3 and 5mM was more effective in reducing the growth of isolate As-3 compared with the same concentrations of ascorbic acid. Spraying plants with the tested chemical inducers against early blight disease caused by A. solani(As-3) was moderately effective in controlling the infection. All tested chemical inducers controlled the early blight infection where the recorded DS% was ranged between 30.1 to 45.4% at 21day post inoculation with A. solani(As-3). Spraying tomato plants with salicylic acid was the most effective treatment in controlling A. solani (As-3) infection compared with the other chemical inducers. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| early blight disease; Alternariasolani; mineral salts; organic acids; plant oils; Antagonists | ||||
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