PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AFFECTING PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY AND BACTERIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS IN TERTIARY SEWAGE WATER TREATMENT PLANT

Ismail, Gahiza A.; Abou El–Kheir, Wafaa S.; Tawfik, Tarek A.; Abou El-Nour, Farid; Hammad, Doaa M.

doi:10.21608/egyjs.2006.114146

	PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AFFECTING PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY AND BACTERIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS IN TERTIARY SEWAGE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
Egyptian Journal of Phycology
Article 7, Volume 7, Issue 1, 2006, Page 93-109 PDF (430.71 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/egyjs.2006.114146
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Authors
Gahiza A. Ismail¹; Wafaa S. Abou El–Kheir¹; Tarek A. Tawfik²; Farid Abou El-Nour³; Doaa M. Hammad²
¹Botany Department, Faculty of Girls, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
²Central Lab for Environmental Quality Monitoring, National Water Research.
³Environment Specimen Bank, Nuclear Chemistry Department, Hot Lab Center, AEA, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
The present work was carried out at a tertiary sewage water treatment plant located at El- kattameya city, Cairo, Egypt, for 12 months, January- December 2004. The phytoplankton standing crop decreased from 228.4 cells x10⁵/L at the oxidation tank during summer to 3.7cells x10⁵/L at the effluent tank during autumn. Phytoplankton community was represented by 88 species belonging to 42 genera and 7 classes namely; Cyanophyceae forming 68% of total phytoplankton standing crop, Chlorophyceae (16.4 %), Bacillariphyceae (13.7 %), Euglenophceae (1.5 %), on the other hand Xanthopyceae, Cryptophyceae and Dinophyceae were sporadic and poorly represented. The leading phytoplankon species were Phormidium molle, Chamydomonas snowii, Nitzschia pellucida and Euglena gracilis. All these species regarded as eutrophic indicators. The tanks under investigation, especially the oxidation tanks are considered to be eutrophic, with decreasing level of eutrophication towards effluent tank, indicate the improvement of water quality. Bacteriological counts using total fecal and fecal coliform were also determined during winter and summer seasons. Total coliform and fecal coliform densities were much higher at the collector tank than at effluent during both winter and summer seasons. Seasonal variations in chlorophyll a at the four tanks of the sewage water treatment system were 190.5 mg/L recorded at oxidation tank during summer season, while the lowest content of 7.3 mg/L was recorded at effluent tank during autumn season. The trophic state index was calculated from chlorophyll a values, the highest value (82.1) was observed at oxidation tank during summer and the lowest one (50.0) was obtained at effluent tank during autumn.


References
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PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AFFECTING PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY AND BACTERIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS IN TERTIARY SEWAGE WATER TREATMENT PLANT

Akbulut, N. and Akbulut, A. (2004). Phytoplankton and zooplankton structure of Sultan Marshes in Central Anatolia. Hacettepe J. Biology and Chemistry, 33: 31-40.

American Public Health Association “APHA” (1992). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (18th ed.), Washington, DC, USA.

Arauzo, M. and Valladolid, M. (2003). Short-term harmful effects of unionized ammonia on natural populations of Moinamicrura and Brachionusrubens in a deep waste treatment pond. Water Res. Oxford, 37(11): 2547-2554.

Carlson, R. E. (1977). A trophic state index of the lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr., 22(2): 361-369.

Camargo, J. A. and Alonso, A. (2006). Ecological and toxicological effects of inorganic nitrogen pollution in aquatic ecosystems: A global assessment. Environ. Int., 32(6): 831-49.

Donatelle, R. J. (2005). Health: The Basics. 6th ed. San Francisco: Pearson Education, Inc.

EPA (1988). Operation of WWTP (2). Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C, USA, 389.

Ezzat, S. M. (2002). Microbial flora and chemical composition of River Nile water at different sites in Egypt. M.Sc. Thesis, Microbiology Dept. Fac. of Science, Ain-Shams University, Egypt.

FAO (1985). Water quality for agriculture. R.S. Ayers and D.W. Westcot. Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29 Rev. 1. FAO, Rome. 174.

Farag-Afaf, H. A. (2005). Studies on the algal flora and physico-chemical parameters in sewage water treatment system (El-Gabal El-Asfar). Ph.D.Thesis, Faculty of Girls, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

Fried, S.; Mackie, B. and Nothwehr, E. (2003). Nitrate and phosphate levels positively affect the growth of algae species found in Perry Pond. Tillers, 4: 21-24.

George, I.; Crop, P. and Servais, P. (2002). Fecal coliform removal in wastewater treatment plants studied by plate counts and enzymatic methods. Water Res., 36(10): 2607-17.

Lin, Y. F.; Jing, S. R.; Lee, D.Y. and Wang, T.W. (2002). Removal of solids and oxygen demand from aquaculture wastewater with a constructed wetland system in the start-up phase. Water Environ. Res., 74(2): 136-141.

Martinez-Delgadillo, S. A.; Morales-Mora, M. A.; Rodriguez-Rosales, M. G. and Aquilar-Lopez, R. (2005). The effect of temperature on the performance of a biological wastewater treatment system of a petrochemical company. Ingenieria Hidraulica en Mexico, 20(4): 33-42.

National Small Flows Clearinghouse (1997). Basic wastewater characteristics. Pipeline, 8(4): 2-6 (Fall).

Nakhla, G. F.; Lugowski, A.; Sverdlikov, A.; Scherbina, G. and Babcock, K. (2005). Simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and clarification in a pseudoliquified activated sludge system. Water Environ. Res., 77(1): 98-112.

Praveen, K. and Sharma, H. B. (2004). Studies on fluctuating trends in some aquatic micro-organisms of Radha Kund at Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. Flora and Fauna Jhansi, 10(1): 22-24.

Rizzo, L.; Belgiorno, V. and Napoli, R. M. (2004). Regrowth evaluation of coliform bacteria injured by low chlorine doses using selective and nonselective media. J. Environ. Sci. Health A Tox. Hazard Subst. Environ. Eng., 39(8): 2081-92.

Sayg-Basbug, Y. and Demirkalp, F.Y. (2004): Trophic status of shallow Yenicaga Lake (Bolu, Turkey) in relation to physical and chemical environment. Fresenius Environ. Bull., 13(5): 385-393.

Schultz, D. (1985). Lake Green Wood and Boyd Mill Pond algal growth potential test. Environmental Service Division, Ecology Branch, US, EPA, Athens, Ga.

Shams El-Din-Nihal, G. (2000). Phytoplankton variation and productivity in a sewage water treatment system (Suez-Egypt). Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Girls, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

Strickland, J. and Parson, T. (1965). A manual of sea water analysis. 2^nd ed. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa.

WQM Report (1999). Annual report on water quality monitoring of upper and lower lakes Bhopal. Volumes I and II.

Yousry-Karima, M. (2003). Effect of the relationship between physico-chemical characteristics of water and phytoplankton growth on Lake Nasser water quality. M.Sc. Thesis, Fac. of Girls, Ain-Shams University, Egypt.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AFFECTING PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY AND BACTERIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS IN TERTIARY SEWAGE WATER TREATMENT PLANT

Akbulut, N. and Akbulut, A. (2004). Phytoplankton and zooplankton structure of Sultan Marshes in Central Anatolia. Hacettepe J. Biology and Chemistry, 33: 31-40.

American Public Health Association “APHA” (1992). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (18th ed.), Washington, DC, USA.

Arauzo, M. and Valladolid, M. (2003). Short-term harmful effects of unionized ammonia on natural populations of Moinamicrura and Brachionusrubens in a deep waste treatment pond. Water Res. Oxford, 37(11): 2547-2554.

Carlson, R. E. (1977). A trophic state index of the lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr., 22(2): 361-369.

Camargo, J. A. and Alonso, A. (2006). Ecological and toxicological effects of inorganic nitrogen pollution in aquatic ecosystems: A global assessment. Environ. Int., 32(6): 831-49.

Donatelle, R. J. (2005). Health: The Basics. 6th ed. San Francisco: Pearson Education, Inc.

EPA (1988). Operation of WWTP (2). Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C, USA, 389.

Ezzat, S. M. (2002). Microbial flora and chemical composition of River Nile water at different sites in Egypt. M.Sc. Thesis, Microbiology Dept. Fac. of Science, Ain-Shams University, Egypt.

FAO (1985). Water quality for agriculture. R.S. Ayers and D.W. Westcot. Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29 Rev. 1. FAO, Rome. 174.

Farag-Afaf, H. A. (2005). Studies on the algal flora and physico-chemical parameters in sewage water treatment system (El-Gabal El-Asfar). Ph.D.Thesis, Faculty of Girls, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

Fried, S.; Mackie, B. and Nothwehr, E. (2003). Nitrate and phosphate levels positively affect the growth of algae species found in Perry Pond. Tillers, 4: 21-24.

George, I.; Crop, P. and Servais, P. (2002). Fecal coliform removal in wastewater treatment plants studied by plate counts and enzymatic methods. Water Res., 36(10): 2607-17.

Lin, Y. F.; Jing, S. R.; Lee, D.Y. and Wang, T.W. (2002). Removal of solids and oxygen demand from aquaculture wastewater with a constructed wetland system in the start-up phase. Water Environ. Res., 74(2): 136-141.

Martinez-Delgadillo, S. A.; Morales-Mora, M. A.; Rodriguez-Rosales, M. G. and Aquilar-Lopez, R. (2005). The effect of temperature on the performance of a biological wastewater treatment system of a petrochemical company. Ingenieria Hidraulica en Mexico, 20(4): 33-42.

National Small Flows Clearinghouse (1997). Basic wastewater characteristics. Pipeline, 8(4): 2-6 (Fall).

Nakhla, G. F.; Lugowski, A.; Sverdlikov, A.; Scherbina, G. and Babcock, K. (2005). Simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and clarification in a pseudoliquified activated sludge system. Water Environ. Res., 77(1): 98-112.

Praveen, K. and Sharma, H. B. (2004). Studies on fluctuating trends in some aquatic micro-organisms of Radha Kund at Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. Flora and Fauna Jhansi, 10(1): 22-24.

Rizzo, L.; Belgiorno, V. and Napoli, R. M. (2004). Regrowth evaluation of coliform bacteria injured by low chlorine doses using selective and nonselective media. J. Environ. Sci. Health A Tox. Hazard Subst. Environ. Eng., 39(8): 2081-92.

Sayg-Basbug, Y. and Demirkalp, F.Y. (2004): Trophic status of shallow Yenicaga Lake (Bolu, Turkey) in relation to physical and chemical environment. Fresenius Environ. Bull., 13(5): 385-393.

Schultz, D. (1985). Lake Green Wood and Boyd Mill Pond algal growth potential test. Environmental Service Division, Ecology Branch, US, EPA, Athens, Ga.

Shams El-Din-Nihal, G. (2000). Phytoplankton variation and productivity in a sewage water treatment system (Suez-Egypt). Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Girls, Ain Shams University, Egypt.

Strickland, J. and Parson, T. (1965). A manual of sea water analysis. 2nd ed. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa.

WQM Report (1999). Annual report on water quality monitoring of upper and lower lakes Bhopal. Volumes I and II.

Yousry-Karima, M. (2003). Effect of the relationship between physico-chemical characteristics of water and phytoplankton growth on Lake Nasser water quality. M.Sc. Thesis, Fac. of Girls, Ain-Shams University, Egypt.

Strickland, J. and Parson, T. (1965). A manual of sea water analysis. 2^nd ed. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa.