Ultrasonic as Green Chemistry for Bacterial and Algal Control in Drinking Water Treatment Source | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||||
| Article 43, Volume 63, Issue 10, October 2020, Page 4055-4062 PDF (822.18 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review Articles | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2020.42173.2852 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Nourhan Ali  1; Zenat Kamel2; Sabry Zaghloul Wahba  3
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| 1Chemistry and Environment Specialist, Quality Control and Environmental Affairs Department, Holding Company for Water and Wastewater, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 2Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 3Water Pollution Research Dept., National Research Center (NRC) | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Abstract: This paper studied the enhanced effects of ultrasonic as non-chemical oxidant on traditional coagulation of raw water with alum for microorganisms’ removal. The treatment processes were studied using ultrasonic frequencies; 20, 40 and 60 KHz at different time intervals namely 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. The study revealed that removal percentage of Total Coliform, Fecal Coliform and Fecal Streptococcus ranged between 5% - 46%. There was a positive correlation between ultrasonic intensity, sonication time and bacterial removal. There are clear morphological change in the algal organisms without cell disruption especially green algae due to the release of photosynthetic pigments “Chlorophyll”. No changes of chlorophyll content was detected. Pretreated samples with 20, 40, and 60 KHz ultrasonic frequencies for 60 mins. decreased the alum dose by 6.7 %, 13.3 % and 20 % respectively. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Ultrasonic; coliform; Fecal Streptococcus; algae; Chlorophyll; Coagulation; Alum | ||||
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