EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION WITH GIBBERELLIC ACID AND UREA ON GROWTH, YIELD, SEED OIL CONTENT AND ITS FATTY ACIDS OF RAPESEED | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 28, Volume 34, Issue 4, April 2009, Page 3651-3668 PDF (683.58 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2009.117191 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| Fatma A. Abdo; Wafaa M. Rizk | ||||
| Crop Physiology Res. Dept., Field Crop Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The present investigation was carried out at Giza Experimental Station, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), during the two successive winter seasons, 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 in order to investigate the influence of foliar spraying at 40 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) with concentrations of gibberellic acid (0, 50 and 100 ppm) and rates of urea (0, 4 and 8%) on growth, leaf area index (LAI), yield and yield components as well as some seed chemical constituents of rapeseed c.v. Pactol. Results indicated that increasing the concentration of gibberellic acid (GA3) from 0 up to 100 ppm caused significant increase in plant height, number of branches/plant, shoot dry weight/plant and LAI at 77, 98 and 119 DAS (except number of branches / plant at 119 days did not reach the level of significance with 50 ppm GA3 in both seasons). Also, number of siliques/plant, 1000-seed weight, seed weight/plant and seed yield/feddan as well as seed oil percentage and yield of oil/feddan were significantly increased by increasing GA3 from 0 up to 100 ppm. Generally, the difference between 50 and 100 ppm of GA3 did not reach the level of significance in most of the investigated traits. The increments due to spraying 100 ppm GA3 were estimated by 17.1 and 18.7% for seed weight per plant and 12.4 and 12.5% for seed yield per feddan compared with control in the first and second season, respectively. Likewise, 100 ppm GA3 enhanced oleic acid, the first main component of fatty acids (unsaturated), being 56.828% against 53.974% in seed of control plants. A steady and progressive increase in all studied growth traits, LAI and all investigated yield traits were observed with each increment in applied urea rates up to 8% in both seasons. Spraying urea with 8% induced significant increments of 26.2 and 28.9% for seed weight/plant and 18.4 and 20.0 % for seed yield/feddan in the first and second season, respectively. Whereas, seed oil percentage was decreased due to foliar application with urea. Nevertheless, oil yield/feddan was significantly increased due only to the increase induced in seed yield/feddan. Sprayed plants of Brassica napus L. with 8% urea produced oil free from euricic acid and had higher percentage of oleic acid (66.086% of the total fatty acids of the seed). The interaction among levels of GA3 and urea proved significant in most of the investigated growth traits, LAI and yield traits. The most effective treatment which gave the highest values of yield and its components (except that of 1000-seed weight) in both studied seasons was that of 50 ppm GA3 with 8% urea which gave significant increase of 36.8 and 39.7% for seed yield / feddan more than the control in the first and second season, respectively. Such treatment was not significantly differed with that of 50 ppm GA3 + 4% urea. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Rapeseed; Brassica napus L; Gibberellic acid; Urea; Growth; yield; Oil; Fatty acids | ||||
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