IMPROVING PRODUCTION TEXTILE TAPES ON NEEDLE NARROW WEAVE MACHINES FOR SUITABLE ENDUSE.

1- INTRODUCTION

Any fabricmadeby interlacing fibresoryarnswhich(intheU.K.)doesnotexceed45 cm  (18 in) inwidth.IntheU.S., and  forthepurposeoftheTariffCodeinthe E.E.C., The  upperlimitofwidthis30 cm . Acharacteristicofanarrowfabricisthatitsedgesareanessential feature(1).

Narrowfabricsareoneofthemostimportantareasinthefabricindustries.Tosurviveinanextremelycompetitivemarket, forsometimenowtextilecompaniesintheindustrializednationshavebeenlookingfornicheproductswithhighlevelsofaddedvalue.Numerousenterprisesseetechnicaltextilesasbeingofstrategicsignificancewithregardtotheirexistingandfuturemarkets.Moreover, technicaltextilesarebecomingincreasinglyvitalinawholerangeofapplications.Thesedevelopmentsapplyequallytothefieldofnarrowfabrics.Apartfromtheclassicalready-to-wearclothingandhouseholdtextilessegments, thetechnicaltextilesareaisgaininginstrategicimportanceformanycompanies.

And the width of the narrow fabrics is one of the most important factors affecting on optical quality defects on machines. For example wear of the fabric edges, inadequate safety guidance, incalculable change in the mechanical properties like tensile strength and elongation and other properties.

The narrow fabric (tape width) is affected by other factors like from warp direction as weft yarn tension and weft delivery length and from the weft direction as warp yarn tension as revealed in figure (1-1).

C.R. CRORK and P.W. FOSTERstudiedtheballisticperformanceofnarrowfabricandcomparedtothatofwiderfabricpanels.Itwasfoundthattheperformanceofnarrowfabricswashighlysensitivetochangesinfabricspecifications (2). Narrowknittedfabrics  aremadeonafewneedlesona multiknit machine , eitherfillingorwarp–knittingmachines.Oneofthemoreimportanttypesofnarrowknittedfabricsareknitelasticsknitelasticsaccountfor 35-40 percentofthenarrowelasticmarketandusedinunderwear ,runningshorts ,fleecearewarpknitnarrow fabrics(3)

Formanyfieldsofapplication, narrowfabricsaretheso-called"goldenlink"withinfunctionaltextiles, sometimeswithoutevenbeingnoticeable.Thisisespeciallytrueinthecaseofsmartclotheswherenarrowfabricsareusedtoprovidecommunicationlinksbetweenthedifferentelectroniccomponentswithinthegarment.Otherfieldsofapplicationincludeautomotive, aviation, transportationingeneral, medicine, safety, andsportsandrecreation.Theaimofthisresearchisthereductionoffluctuationsintapewidthbyappropriatemeasures 5%: 2%. TheMethodologyofresearch:dependsontheexperimentalandanalyticalapproach, walkthrough andworkingsteps, theoreticalandexperimentalanalysisofinfluenceparametersonthetapewidth.TechnicalDerivationandtechnologicalmeasurestoreducethe variability oftapewidth.

Developing a method for on-line monitoring and regulation of tape width during production as shown in figure (1-2):

Keyence line sensor ls-7070 MR.

-Max Width Measuring 70 mm. 

-measuring 1.2 KHzfrequency (4).

Figure (1-2):  Keyence line sensor is -7070 MR

2-Problem of Research:

Narrow fabrics are generally considered as any textile fabric not exceeding 45 centimeters in width. Therefore narrow fabrics include any trimming, elastic, tape, ribbon, lace, cording etc.

Narrowfabricsareusedfordifferentapplicationsinmanyindustriesandaremostoftenusedinthegarmentsandhomefurnishingindustry.Theyalsofindapplicationinthemarineandautomotiveindustryandarealsousedformedicalandsafetypurposes (5). Thus, Narrowfabricsectoristheoneofmostimportantsectorsofthetextileindustryandmostlyemployedinmanyfields.Thequalityofthetapeplaysaveryvital role andisdirectlyinfluencedbytheeliminationofthefluctuationsinthetapewidth.Thesefluctuationsaretheproblemsfacedbyallthemanufacturersofthenarrowfabricsandcausethefollowingproblemsasshowninfigure (1-3). 

1- The fabric edges of the clothes

2-Inadequate safety guidance 

3-Unkalkulierbare changes the mechanical properties of tensile strength and elongation.

4-Optical quality defects on machines.

5-This is problem in companies which industrial narrow fabric.

Figure (1-3):  Tape width fluctuations

3 - OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH:

1- To study the Weft Delivery Length as an effect property of Tape Width.

2- To study the Weft Yarn Tension as an effect property of Tape Width.

3- To study the warp Yarn Tension as an effect property of Tape Width.

4-FACTORS EXAMINED THROUGH THE RESEARCH

4-1: Constant Specifications:

4-1-1: Warp Material: (polyamide 6.6) - 67 dtex.

4-1-2: Weft material: (polyamide 6.6) - 67 dtex.

4-1-3: Machine:  Needle narrow weave machine (NFRQ).

4-2: Variable Specifications:

4-2-1: Weft Yarn Direction.

4-2-1-1: Weft yarn tension.  

4-2-1-2: Weft Delivery length. 

4-2-2: Warp Yarn Direction.

4-2-2-1: warp yarn tension.

5- RESULTS & DISCUSSION

5-1: Relationship between The average warp yarn tension (cN) and Tape width (mm).

Figure (1-5) showsRelationshipbetweentheaveragewarpyarntension (cN) andtapewidth(mm).

When the average warp yarn tension increases, the width tape also decreases. This implies that there exists an inverse relationship between the average warp yarn tension and tape width. Through the following in Equation (1).            

     Y=50.6-0.03X                       r =-0.9                          Equation (1)       

When the average warp yarn tension is increased by increasing the weight of gravity on the warp beam, it leads to the decrease the tape width as figure (1-4). It is attributed to the decrease the average warp yarn tension and this will lead to increase warp crimp and thus increase the width tape.

Figure (1-4): Tension  measurementinwarpand  Crosssectionofwarpandweft

Figure (1-5): Relationshipbetweentheaveragewarpyarntension (cN) andtapewidth.

5-2: Comparison between the weft delivery length (m.min-1) and tape width (mm).

Figure (1-6) shows Relationship between the weft delivery length (m.min-1) and tape width (mm).

When the average weft delivery length increases, the width tape also increases. A direct relationship is found between the weft delivery length and tape width. Through the following in Equation (1).

Y= 7.22+0.63X                    r= 0.96                                  Equation (1).

Width tape = the weft delivery length – weft crimp.

Sincetheamountweft crimp isfixed, thiswilltoincreasetheweftdeliverylengthandultimatelyincreasethewidthtapealso.

Figure(1-6): RelationshipbetweenTheweftdeliverylength (m.min-1) and  tapewidth(mm).

5-3: Comparison  Between the average weft  yarn tension (cN) and Tape width (mm).

Figure (1-7) shows Relationship between the average weft yarn tension (cN) and Tape width(mm).

When the average weft yarn tension increases, there is a decrease in width tape. Through the following in Equation (1).

       Y= 50.3 -0.05X                                  r = -0.98            Equation (1).

Aninverserelationshipisconsideredtobepresentbetweentheaverageweftyarntensionandtapewidth.Whentheaveragewarpyarntensionincrease, attributedtoincreasewarp crimp, thiswilldecreasetheweft crimp andthuscausethedecreaseinthetapewidth.

Figure(1-7): Relationship between The average weft yarn tension (cN) and Tape width(mm).

5-4: Comparison Between  Machine speed (min-1) and  Tape width (mm).

Figure (1-8): shows the comparison between Machine speed (min-1) and Tape width (mm). When Machine speed increases, the Tape width also increases which shows a direct relationship. Through the following in equation (1). 

           Y= 49.2 +0.0009X            r = 0.99                      Equation (1).

But this result reveals that the machine is incorrectly set because with the increase in the machine speed the tape width should not change, this implies that this result is due to a defect on a weft delivery.

Figure (1-8): RelationshipbetweenMachinespeed (min-1) andTapewidth(mm).

Figure (1-9) shows the relationship between the crank shaft rotation angle machine (min-1) and warp yarn tension (cN) and weft yarn tension (cN). It is found that fixed relationship between the crank shaft rotation angle Machine and warp yarn tension.

Figure (1-10) showstherelationshipbetweenthecrankshaftrotationanglemachine (min-1) andwarpyarntension (cN) andweftyarntension (cN). Itisfoundthatfixedrelationshipbetweenthecrankshaftrotationanglemachineandweftyarntension.Thisresultshowedthatthemachineisworkingproperly.Bychangingweftdelivery RIEMCHENTRANSPORT byweftdelivery FOUMISSEUR  (6)

Figure (1-9): Relationshipbetweencrankshaft  rotationangle  and  warpyarntension (cN)

Figure(1-10): Relationshipbetweencrankshaft  rotation angle (min-1) and weft yarn tension (cN)

Figure (1-11): Relationshipbetweencrankshaft  rotationangle  and  warpyarntension (cN) .

Figure(1-12): Relationshipbetweencrankshaft  rotation angle (min-1) and weft yarn tension (cN).

Figure( 1-13): weft feeder (Foumisseur) and ( Riemchentransport ).

Figure( 1-14): Comparison between feeding delivery  tension (cN) and Yarn delivery(%).

Feeding delivery tension (cN)

1- RIEMCHENTRANSPORT               2- FOUMISSEUR