Effect of Tramadol Addiction Alone and Its Co-abuse with Cannabis on Urinary Excretion of Copper, Zinc, and Calcium among Egyptian Addicts
El-Safty, I., Eltamany, E., Shouman, A., El-Gamel, O., Nada, A., Ali, W. (2018). Effect of Tramadol Addiction Alone and Its Co-abuse with Cannabis on Urinary Excretion of Copper, Zinc, and Calcium among Egyptian Addicts. EKB Journal Management System, 17(1), 25-31. doi: 10.21608/cat.2018.14300
Ibrahim El-Safty; Elsayed Eltamany; Ahmed Shouman; Omayma El-Gamel; Ahmed Nada; Wesam Ali. "Effect of Tramadol Addiction Alone and Its Co-abuse with Cannabis on Urinary Excretion of Copper, Zinc, and Calcium among Egyptian Addicts". EKB Journal Management System, 17, 1, 2018, 25-31. doi: 10.21608/cat.2018.14300
El-Safty, I., Eltamany, E., Shouman, A., El-Gamel, O., Nada, A., Ali, W. (2018). 'Effect of Tramadol Addiction Alone and Its Co-abuse with Cannabis on Urinary Excretion of Copper, Zinc, and Calcium among Egyptian Addicts', EKB Journal Management System, 17(1), pp. 25-31. doi: 10.21608/cat.2018.14300
El-Safty, I., Eltamany, E., Shouman, A., El-Gamel, O., Nada, A., Ali, W. Effect of Tramadol Addiction Alone and Its Co-abuse with Cannabis on Urinary Excretion of Copper, Zinc, and Calcium among Egyptian Addicts. EKB Journal Management System, 2018; 17(1): 25-31. doi: 10.21608/cat.2018.14300

Effect of Tramadol Addiction Alone and Its Co-abuse with Cannabis on Urinary Excretion of Copper, Zinc, and Calcium among Egyptian Addicts

Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Article 3, Volume 17, Issue 1, 2018, Page 25-31  XML PDF (448.54 K)
DOI: 10.21608/cat.2018.14300
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Authors
Ibrahim El-Safty email 1; Elsayed Eltamany2; Ahmed Shouman3; Omayma El-Gamel4; Ahmed Nada5; Wesam Ali2
1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education, Ain-Shams University, Heliopolis, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt
2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
3Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
4Clinical Pathology Department, El-Demerdash Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
5Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
The use of illicit drugs has become a worldwide health problem. Substances with the potential to be abused may have direct or indirect effects on physiologic mechanisms that lead to organ system dysfunction and diseases. The present study aims to investigate the structural and reabsorption integrity of the nephron among Egyptian addicts of tramadol alone and coabused with cannabis. Sixty-five males were included in the study, they were classified into control group (G1=19), tramadol addicts group (G2=18), and tramadol co-abused with Cannabis addicts group (G3=28). Parameters investigated for structural integrity were urinary levels of leucineaminopeptidase and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, and urinary parameters for reabso-rption integrity were levels of copper and zinc as well as calcium, also urinary creatinine was measured. In addition, urinary levels of tramadol and tetrahydrocannabinol were estimated. Among the two addicted groups, all measured parameters were not significantly different in comparison with the control group except for urinary calcium excretion which was found to be significantly increased among the two addicted groups. Both tramadol addiction alone or co-abused with cannabis causes increased urinary excretion of calcium, indicating reabsorption dysfunction of calcium without affecting structural integrity along the nephron.
Keywords
calcium; copper; Enzymuria; Reabsorption impairment; Tubular structural integrity; zinc
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