DISINFESTATION OF COWPEA BEETLE IN SOME STORED PULSES USING MICROWAVE ENERGY | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research | ||||
| Article 21, Volume 92, Issue 1, March 2014, Page 289-305 PDF (911.63 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2014.154833 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| MOHAMED I. SHOUGHY1; HESHAM M. ELZUN2 | ||||
| 1Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Dried pulses such as fababean and cowpea are the larger consumed seeds as a protein sources in Egypt and the developing nations, unfortunately, they are infested by several insects from which is Cowpea beetle(Callosobruchus maculatus, F.). A multiple microwave power oven operating at 2.45GHz and 1000W output power at various power levels and exposure times was used in this study to determine their effect on all life stages of C. maculatus in fababean and cowpea seeds. Pulses samples of 100g was infested with stored-pulse insect C. maculatus at all life stages and then exposed to microwave energy at four power levels 200, 400, 600 and 800W at three exposure times of 20, 30 and 40s. The effect of microwave treatments on an insect lethal temperature and adult's mortality, egg hatchability and reduction of their progeny for all life stages and seed quality was evaluated. The average insect lethal temperatures of cowpea and fababean at 400W, 30s, 400W, 40s, 600W, 20s and 600W, 30s were around 52, 55, 58 and 60±1.5oC, respectively. The adult mortality and their reduction of progeny increased and egg hatchability decreased significantly in the infested cowpea and fababean seeds with an increase in power level or exposure time or both. Complete adults mortality (100%) and reduction of their progeny were achieved for all C. maculatus life stages in cowpea seeds at 600W for an exposure time of 20s or at 400W for an exposure time of 30s. While, in fababean seeds the mortality was achieved at 600W, 30s or at 400W and 40s exposure time, except for pupal stage which was obtained at 800W and 20s or at 600W and 30s exposure time. Among the life stages of C. maculatus in pulses, eggs were the most susceptible to the microwave energy followed by larval, adults and the least susceptible was the pupal. Disinfestation of insects using microwaves did not leave undesirable residues and meanwhile, reduces insect reproduction. There was no significant difference in the protein content of microwave-treated and control pulses, while the seed germination percentage significantly reduced. | ||||
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