THE BAGOURIA BARRAGE 1281 AH / 1864 AD:AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL ARCHITECTURAL STUDY | ||||
| Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists | ||||
| Article 1, Volume 4, Issue 1 - Serial Number 4, January 2019, Page 1-52 PDF (1.45 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jguaa2.2018.4424.1018 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
Badr Abdelaziz Badr 
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| Professor at department of Archaeology - Faculty of Arts - Port Said University, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| (En) The Bagouria Barrage is one of the most important establishments that were built in the field of irrigation engineering in the governorate of Menoufia during the reign of Khedive Ismail in 1281 AH/ 1864 AD. The Bagouria Barrage consists of five openings with semi-circular arches, including a large central archway that was assigned for entry and exit of boats. It is noted that the Barrage arches are based on stone pillars separated from each other by openings equipped with iron gates used to open and close the barrage. On the left of the barrage, from the eastern side, there is a lock dedicated to the passage of ships and boats on the Bagouria canal. The roof of the barrage contains a road for transport which links the villages and the areas located in the eastern part of the Bagouria Barrage with those located on the western side. The Bagouria Barrage contributed to the development of irrigation and agriculture system in Menoufia through supplying the agricultural lands with summer irrigation water and improving the navigation system in the Bagouria Canal. Most notably is the large number of the Nilometers which were established in the vicinity of the Bagouria Barrage for defining the flood level and the necessary balances of the Bagouria Barrage. In addition, the artistic and decorative elements that adorn the Bagouria Barrage are rare because of the nature of the construction that is located in the middle of one of the waterways. The research elements are as follows:- Frist: Types of Barrages and their architectural composition: The first type (Large barrages). The second type (Influx barrages). The third type (Reservoir and distribution barrages). The Fourth type (Estuary barrages). The fifth type (Division barrages). Second: The role of the Menoufi main canal and the Bagouria canal in the construction of the Bagouria barrages: 1- The role of the Menoufi main canal in the construction of the Bagouria barrages. 2- The role of the Bagouria Canal in the construction of the Bagouria Barrage. Third: The descriptive study of the Bagouria Barrage: 1- Location. 2- Founder and date of construction 3- Architectural description. Fourth: The Analytical Study of the Bagouria barrage: 1. Architectural and constructional units and elements: A. Semi-circular arches B. Piers (central pillars) C. Side walls. D. Ceiling of the barrage. E. Balustrade of the Barrage. F. The Lock, (The iron gates - The manual tools) G- The barrage gates H- Drondat (side recesses) I- Balancing. J- The bedding. K- The Weir. L- The Cranes. M- The entrances to the Bagouria barrage. 2. The artistic and decorative elements of the Bagouria barrage. 3. Nilometers of the Bagouria barrage. 4. Building materials used in the Bagouria barrag. A- Concrete. B- Stone. C- Bricks. D- The mortar: 5. Functional purposes of the Al-Bagouria barrage. The research ends with A table showing the architectural, technical and structural terms used in the research, then the most important results and recommendations followed by a list of the sources and references consulted, and a catalog which includes the illustrative figures and plates used. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| The Bagouria Barrage; lock; piers; Iron gates; Latch; bedding; crane; weir | ||||
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