Effect of Some Growth Regulators, Nutrient Elements and Kaolin on Cracking and Fruit Quality of Pomegranate ‘Wonderful’ Cultivar | ||||
| Journal of the Advances in Agricultural Researches | ||||
| Article 3, Volume 24, Issue 3 - Serial Number 91, September 2019, Page 280-297 PDF (1.16 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Research papers | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jalexu.2019.163427 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Mohamed Mohamed Harhash1; Mahmoud Ahmed Ali1; Nagwa Abd El-Megeed2; Ahmed Batam Ben Hifaa3 | ||||
| 1Plant Production Dept. Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha) Alexandria University | ||||
| 2Hort. Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| 3Plant Production Dept. Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha) Alexandria University. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| This study was carried out during two successive seasons 2016 and 2017 on six years old ‘Wonderful’ pomegranate trees (Punica granatum L.). Trees were grown on sandy loam soil conditions in a private orchard located at Burg El-Arab, Alexandria governorate, Egypt. The trees were spaced 4x5 m apart and irrigated by drip irrigation system and received similar cultural practices adapted in the orchard. The effect of some growth regulators, nutrient elements and kaolin on cracking and fruit quality of pomegranate ‘Wonderful’ cultivar was studied. The experiment was designed as randomized complete block design with five replicates. Each block contained 11 treatments (control, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 25 and 50 mg/l, gibberellic acid (GA3) at 100 and 150 mg/l, boric acid at 0.1% and 0.3%, calcium chloride at 1% and 2% and kaolin at 4% and 6%). Results revealed that, boric acid at 0.3% gave the highest mean values of fruit set (%), number of fruits/tree, yield (kg/tree) and anthocyanin; while, naphthalene acetic acid at 50 mg/l recorded the maximum mean values of fruit weight, fruit diameter, volume and grain weight, and gave the minimum mean values of fruit drop and fruit cracking (%). On other hand, gibberellic acid (GA3) at 150 mg/l gave the maximum yield (kg/tree), in the second season and the minimum fruit cracking (%), whereas, calcium chloride at 2% gave the best results of TSS (%), acidity (%), and vitamin C, total and reducing sugars were higher than the control for all treatments. Finally, kaolin at 6% gave the lowest percentage of sunburn and the highest percentage of juice, as compared with the control and other treatments during both seasons. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Pomegranate ‘Wonderful’; NAA; GA3; calcium chloride; boric acid; kaolin; fruit set; fruit cracking; fruit sunburn; yield; fruit quality | ||||
| References | ||||
|
Adsule, R.N. and N.B. Patil (1995). Handbook of Fruit Science and Technology. In: Salunkhe, D.K., Kadam, S.S. (Eds.), Pomegranate. Marcel Dekker Publishers, New York, pp. 455-464.
Agrawal, S., and S.N. Dikshit (2008). Studies on the effect of plant growth regulators on growth and yield of sapota (Achras sapota L.) cv. 'Cricket Ball'. Indian J. Agric. Res.,42: 207-211.
Almeida, I.M.L., R. Domingos and E.O. Ono (2004). Application of plant growth regulators at pre- harvest for fruit development of Pera oranges. Brazilian Arch. Biol. & Tech. ISSN: 1678-4324.
Ameen Al-Imam, N.M. (2009). Effect of compound fertilizer and foliar application of iron, gibberellic acid on the growth and yield of Salemy pomegranate cultivar (Punica granatum L.) 2nd study the yield and its physical components. Mesopotamia J. Agric., 37(2): 17-24.
Amezquita, N., H.E. Balaguera-Lopez and J.G. Alvarez Herrera (2008). Effect of pre-harvest application of gibberellins and calcium on production, fruit quality and cracking of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.). Rev. Colombiana de Ciencias Hort., 2: 133-144.
Anawal, V.V., P. Narayanaswamy and S.D. Ekabote (2015). Effects of plant growth regulators on fruit set and yield of pomegranate cv. 'Bhagwa'. Int. J. Sci. Res., 220-222.
AOAC (1985). Official Methods of Analysis pp 490-510. Association of Official Analytical ChemistsWashington, D. C.
Asgharzade, A. and M. Babaeian (2012). Foliar application of calcium borate and micronutrients effects on some characters of apple fruits in Shirvan Region. Ann. Biol. Res., 3 (1): 527-533.
Attia, S. M. (2017). Manipulation of splitting, sunburn and enhancing coloration of 'Wonderful' pomegranates by pre-harvest foliar applications. J. Agric. and Res.,3(5): 1-9.
Bakeer, S.M. (2016). Effect of ammonium nitrate fertilizer and calcium chloride foliar spray on fruit cracking and sunburn of 'Manfalouty' pomegranate trees. Sci. Hort., 209: 300-308.
Canli, F.A., M. Sahin, S. Ercisli, O. Yilmaz, N. Temurtas and M. Pektas (2015). Harvest and postharvest quality of sweet cherry are improved by pre-harvest benzyladenine and benzyladenine plus gibberellin applications. J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual., 88: 255-258.
Chaudhary, B.R., M.D. Sharma, S.M. Shakya and D.M. Gautam (2006). Effect of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of chilly (Capsicum annuum L.) at Rampur, Chitwan. J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci.,27: 65-68.
Chen, B. M. and W. M. Mellenthin (1981). Effect of harvest date on ripening capacity and post-harvest life of cv. 'Anjou' pears trees. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 106: 38-42.
Cheour, F., C. Willemot, J. Arul, Y. Desjardins, J. Makhlouf, P.M. Charest and A. Gosselim (1990). Foliar application of calcium chloride delays postharvest ripening strawberry. J.A.M. Soc. Hort. Sci., 115: 789-792.
Cline, J.A. and M. Trought (2007). Effect of gibberellic acid on fruit cracking and quality of Bing and Sam sweet cherries. Canadian J. Plant Sci., 87: 545-550.
Davarpanaha, S., A. Tehranifara, J. Abadíab, J. Valb, G. Davarynejada, M. Aranc and R. Khorassanid (2018). Foliar calcium fertilization reduces fruit cracking in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. 'Ardestani'. Sci. Hort., 230: 86-91.
El-Mahdy, T. K.R., A. K. A. Mohamed and N. I.A. Mohamed (2009). Effect of flower thinning and spraying with gibberellic acid and ethephon on yield and fruit quality of 'Manfalouty' pomegranate cultivar. Assiut J. Agric. Sci., 40 (4): 69-91.
El-Sheikh, M.H., S.A.A. Khafgy and S.S. Zaied (2007). Effect of foliar application with some micronutrients on leaf mineral content, yield and fruit quality of Florida prince and Desert red peach trees. J. Agric. Biol. Sci., 3: 309-315.
Ennab, H.A., S.A. El-Sayed and M.M.S. Abo El-Enin (2017). Effect of kaolin applications on fruit sunburn, yield and fruit quality of Balady mandarin (Citrus reticulata, Blanco). Menoufia J. Plant Prod., 2: 129-138.
Glenn, D.M. and E. Prado (2002). A reflective, processed-kaolin particle film affects fruit temperature, radiation reflection, and solar injury in apple. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 127(2): 188-193.
Glenn, D.M. and G.J. Puterka (2005). Particle films: a new technology for agriculture. Hort. Rev., 31: 1-44.
Hassan, H. S. A. (2000). Morphological and Physiological studies on flowering, pollination and fruiting of Picual olive trees. PhD Thesis, Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., Egypt.
Hegazi, A., N.R. Samra, E.E.T. El-Baz, Bahan M. Khalil and M.S. Gawish (2014). Improving fruit quality of 'Manfalouty' and 'Wonderfull' pomegranates by using bagging and some spray treatments with gibberellic acid, calcium chloride and kaolin. J. Plant Prod. Mansoura Univ., 5 (5): 779-792.
Hikal, A. R. F., M. A. Ibrahim and R. A. Abdelaziz (2017). Effect of different treatments of calcium and boron on productivity and fruit quality of navel orange fruits. Egypt. J. Hort., 44 (1): 119- 126.
Khalil, H. A. and H. S.H. Aly (2013). Cracking and fruit quality of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) as affected by pre-harvest sprays of some growth regulators and mineral nutrients. J. Hort. Sci. Ornam. Plants, 5(2): 71-76.
Kishor, S., S. Maji, A. Govind, R. Yadav, K. R. Meena and A. Kumar (2016). Influence of plant bio-regulators and chemicals on yield and fruit quality of young pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. 'Bhagwa'. Environ. & Ecol., 34 (4D): 2566-2570.
Kishor, S., S. Maji, M.L. Meena, H. Deepa, D. S Kishor and S. Kumar (2017). Effect of plant bio-regulators and chemicals on fruit physico-chemical traits of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. 'Bhagwa'. J. Pharm. and Phyto., 6(4): 1573-1575.
Korkmaz N. and M.A. Aşkın (2015). Effects of calcium and boron foliar application on pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit quality, yield, and seasonal changes of leaf mineral nutrition. Acta Hort., 9(4): 57-61.
Kumar, K., R. Pinder, J.S. Dabas, B. Yadav and S. Rana (2017). Effect of growth regulators and micronutrients on fruit cracking and fruit yield in pomegranate. Ind. J. Agric. Res., 51 (3): 272-276.
Lal, N., R.P. Das and L. R. Verma (2013). Effect of plant growth regulators on flowering and fruit growth of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Allahabad Safeda. Asian J. Hort., 8(1): 54-56.
Legua, P., P. Melgarejo, H. Abdelmajid, J.J. Martínez, R. Martínez, H. Ilham, H. Hafida and F. Hernandez (2012). Total phenols and antioxidant capacity in 10 Moroccan pomegranate varieties. J. Food Sci., 71: 115-120.
Malik, C. P. and M. B. Singh (1980). Plant enzymology and Histoenzymology. A Text Manual, Kalyani publishers, New Delhi.
Marschner, H. (2012). Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press Limited Harcourt Brace and Company, Publishers, London, pp. 347-364.
Melgarejo, P., J.J. Martı´nez, F. Herna´ndez, R. Martı´nez-Font, P. Barrows and A. Erez (2004). Kaolin treatment to reduce pomegranate sunburn. Sci. Hort., 100: 349-353.
Merwad, M. A., R.A. Eisa and A.M. M. Merwad (2016). Effect of GA3 and some nutrients on pomegranate under South Sinai governorate conditions. Int. J. Chem. Tech. Res., 9(8): 104-113.
Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation (2013). Agricultural Economic Bulletins. Ministry of Agric. Egypt.
Mitra, S.K. (1997). Post-harvest Physiology and Storage of Tropical and Sub-Tropical Fruits. CAB, INT., Nadia, West Gengal, India, pp. 84-122.
Mozaffarifard, M., M. Rahemi and E. Aslmoshtaghi (2017). Effect of kaolin application on some physiological characteristics and sunburn in ‘Washington Navel’ orange. Iranian J. Hort. Sci. & Tech., 18(1):67-80.
Naik, S.K. and P.K. Chand (2011). Tissue culture-mediated biotechnological intervention in pomegranate: a Review. Plant Cell Rep., 30: 707-721.
Pandey, V. (1999). Effect of NAA and GA3 spray on fruit retention, growth, yield and quality of ber cv. Banarasi Karka. Orissa J. Hort.,27:69-73.
Pooviah, B.W. (1979). Role of calcium in ripening and senescence. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 10: 83-88.
Prajapati, R.D., H.N. Laua, P.D. Solanki and N.S. Parekh (2016). Effect of plant growth regulators on flowering, fruiting, yield and quality parameters of custard apple (Annona squmosa L.). Ecology, Environ. & Conservation, 22: 177-179.
Rabino, I., A.L. Mancinelli and K.H. Kuzmanoff (1977). Photocontrol of anthocyanin synthesis VI. Spectral sensitivity, irradiance dependence and reciprocity relationship. Plant Phy., 59: 569- 573.
Rahemi, M. and A. Atahosseini (2004). Effect of plant growth regulators on fruit characteristics and leaf area of pomegranate cv. 'Shisheh Cup'. Acta Hort., 662: 313-317.
Reddy, P.a. and D. M. Prasad (2012). Effect of plant growth regulators on fruit characters and yield of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. 'Ganesh'. Int. J. Plant Animal & Environ. Sci., 2:91-93.
Saadati, S., N. Moallemi, S.M.H.Mortazaviand S.M. Seyyednejad (2016). Foliar applications of zinc and boron on fruit set and some fruit quality of olive. Crop Res., 51: 1-5.
Salgado, J.M., T.R.B. Ferreira, F. O. Biazotto, C.T. S. Dias (2012). Increased antioxidant content in juice enriched with dried extract of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr., 67: 39-43.
Sarrwy, S.M.A., E.G. Gadalla and E.A.M. Mostafa (2012). Effect of calcium nitrate and boric acid sprays on fruit set, yield and fruit quality of cv. Amhat date palm. World J. Agric. Sci., 8 (5): 506-515.
Schupp, J., E. Fallahi and I.J. Chun (2002). Effect of surround particle film on fruit sunburn, maturity and quality of ‘Fuji’ and ‘Honeycrisp’ apples. New York Fruit Quarterly, 10: 9-11.
Shanmugasundaram, T. and G. Balakrishnamurthy (2017). Exploitation of plant growth substances for improving the yield and quality of pomegranate under ultra-high density planting. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci., 6(3): 102-109.
Sheikh, M. K. and N. Manjula (2012).Effect of chemicals on control of fruit cracking in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) var. 'Ganesh'. In: Melgarejo P. (ed.), Valero D. (ed.). II Int. Symp. on the Pomegranate. Zaragoza: CIHEAM / Universidad Miguel Hernández, p. 133-135.
Singh, K., M. Sharma and S. K. Singh (2017). Effect of plant growth regulators on fruit yield and quality of guava (Psidium guajava) cv. 'Allahabad Safeda'. J. Pure & App Microb., 11(2):1149-1154. Snedecor, G. W and W. G. Cochran (1990).Statistical Methods. Oxford and J. B. H. Bub. Com.6th Edition. pp: 507.
Suman, M., P.D. Sangma, D.R. Meghawal and O.P. Sahu (2017). Effect of plant growth regulators on fruit crops. J. Pharm. & Phyto., 6: 331-337.
Viuda-Martos, M., J. Fernandez-Lopez and J.A. Perez-Alvarez (2010). Pomegranate and its many functional components as related to human health: a review. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Saf., 9: 635-654.
Viuda-Martos, M., J.A. Pérez-Álvarez, E. Sendra and J. Fernández-López (2013). In vitro antioxidant properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel powder extract obtained as co-product in the juice extraction process. J. Food Process. Preserv., 37: 2.
Yilmaz, C. and A. I. Özgüven (2016). Hormone physiology of pre-harvest fruit cracking in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). Acta Hort., 545-550.
Westwood, M.N. (1978). Temperate Zone Pomology. W.H. Freeman and Company. San Francisco. | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 291 PDF Download: 485 |
||||
