المواجهة الفرنسية الليبية في تشاد (1981 – 1984م) إعداد د/ أسامة عبد التواب محمد عبد العظيم مدرس التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر بکلية الدراسات الأفريقية العليا – جامعة القاهرة البريد الإلکتروني : osamaAbdeltwab@cu.edu.eg | ||||
| مجــلة کلية اللغة العربية بأســيوط | ||||
| Article 9, Volume 39, Issue 5, April 2020, Page 4072-4200 PDF (1.13 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jfla.2020.163819 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| الملخص : تتناول هذه الدراسة المواجهة الفرنسية الليبية في الفترة من عام 1981 وحتى عام 1984؛ حيث تعد الحرب الأهلية التشادية من عام 1965 وحتى عام 1990 نموذجًا للصراعات الأفريقية التي أدت لتدخل القوى الکبرى في القارة، والتي أدت أيضًا إلى تقسيم منظمة الوحدة الأفريقية، وکان هذا الصراع قد انبثقت عنه عدة صراعات أخرى بين العديد من الدول الأفريقية. کل ذلک جعل فرنسا تتدخل بثقلها لمحاولة إيجاد حل لهذا الصراع الإقليمي والدولي، وفي هذا الوقت کانت إدارة ميتران (1981 – 1995) قد جاءت للحکم في عام 1981 لتجد هذا الصراع قد وصل إلى أشده؛ حيث بدأ التدخل الليبي في تشاد وبدأ القلق والاضطراب يصل إلى العديد من الأنظمة في دول شمال ووسط وغرب أفريقيا، التي بدأت تطالب باريس بسرعة التدخل العسکري لوقف تقدم القوات الليبية، وأيضًا واصلت القوى الغربية ضغطها الشديد على إدارة ميتران لمواجهة نظام القذافي، کل ذلک أجبر ميتران على اتخاذ قراره بالتدخل العسکري في تشاد في أغسطس 1983. وفي سبتمبر عام 1984 قامت فرنسا بتوقيع معاهدة مع الجانب الليبي تقضي بانسحاب القوات الفرنسية والليبية من تشاد، ومع ذلک کان هناک العديد من الأطراف التشادية والدولية التي أصرت على إشعال الموقف في تشاد مرة أخرى. Abstract: This study deals with the Franco-Libyan confrontation from 1981 to 1984; The Chadian civil war from 1965 to 1990 is a model for the African conflicts that led to the intervention of major powers on the continent, Which also led to the division of the Organization of African Unity, and this conflict had emanated from it several other conflicts between many African countries. All this made France intervene with its weight to try to find a solution to this regional and international conflict, and at this time the Mitterrand administration (1981 - 1995) came to power in 1981 to find this conflict had reached its intensity, As the Libyan intervention began in Chad, anxiety and turmoil began to reach many regimes in North, Central and West Africa, which began to demand that Paris quickly intervene to stop the advance of the Libyan forces, Also, Western powers continued their intense pressure on the Mitterrand administration to confront the Gaddafi regime, all of which forced Mitterrand to make his decision to intervene militarily in Chad in August 1983. In September 1984, France signed a treaty with the Libyan side, providing for the withdrawal of French and Libyan forces from Chad. However, there were many Chadian and international parties that insisted on igniting the situation in Chad once again. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| الکلمات المفتاحية: ليبيا وفرنسا; القذافي والقوى الغربية; ليبيا والحرب الأهلية التشادية; القذافي وأفريقيا; فرنسا وأفريقيا; منظمة الوحدة الأفريقية. KeyWords: Libya and France - Gaddafi and the Western Powers - Libya and the Chadian Civil War - Gaddafi and Africa - France and Africa - Organization of African Unity | ||||
| References | ||||
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([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 66 – Telegram from the British Embassy in Paris to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, Subject; France/ Libya, on 19Nov, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 69 – Telegram from the British Embassy in Paris to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, Subject; France/ Libya, on 21Nov, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 70 – Telegram from the British Embassy in Washington to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, Subject; Cheysson's Visit to Washington, 19 – 20 November, on 21Nov, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 71 – Telegram from the British Embassy in Athens to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, Subject; Chad, on 23Nov, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 67 - Memorandum from Foreign and Commonwealth Office to Cabinet Office, Subject; President Mitterrand's with Colonel Quadafi, on 16Nov, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 72 – Memorandum from West African Department in Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Subject; the Situation in Chad, on 23Nov, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 74 - Memorandum from West African Department in Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Subject; the Situation in Chad, on 29Nov, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 77 - Memorandum from Foreign and Commonwealth Office to Cabinet Office, Subject; Mr. Luce's Visit to Paris, 4 December, on 30Nov, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 75 - a press release from the French Embassy in London, Subject; Reply of M. Laurant Fapius, Prime Minister, to a Parliamentary Question, (from M. Maurice Couve de Murville) in the National Assembly on 21 November 1984, on 23Nov, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 78 – Letter from the British Embassy in Paris to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, Subject; Chad, on 4Dec, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 81 – Telegram from the British Embassy in Paris to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, Subject; Dakar: Visits of Triki and Cheysson, on 17Dec, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 79 – Telegram from the British Embassy in Paris to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, Subject; Franco/ African Summit 10/12 December and France's Chad Policy, on 13Dec, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 80 – Telegram from the British Embassy in Kinshasa to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, Subject; Congo and Chad, on 17Dec, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 82 – Telegram from the Italian Embassy in Tripoli to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, on 18Dec, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 83 - a press release from the French Embassy in London, Subject; Chad: Communique Issued by the Ministry for External Relations, 20 December 1984, on 27Dec, 1984.
([1]) FCO 39/3695 – No. 86 – Letter from the British Embassy in Paris
to Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London, Subject; Chad/
France, on 21Dec, 1984. | ||||
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