STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF STOCKING DENSITY AND FLOOR SPACE ALLOWANCE ON BEHAVIOUR, HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY | ||||
Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal | ||||
Article 1, Volume 51, Issue 104, January 2005, Page 1-13 PDF (3.23 MB) | ||||
Document Type: Research article | ||||
DOI: 10.21608/avmj.2005.167011 | ||||
View on SCiNiTO | ||||
Author | ||||
M.A, ABDEL-RAHMAN | ||||
Department of Animal Hygiene, Fac. of Vet. Med., Assiut University. | ||||
Abstract | ||||
the native breed were used in this investigation (sex ratio equal to one). Birds were randomly assigned into 3 groups, each of 20 broilers, 10 males and 10 females. Each group was housed under the prevalent environmental conditions in a well ventilated and well lighted room with different floor areas according to the experimented stocking density. Birds were freely fed the commercial concentrate mixture for the growing turkey broilers where the maximum necessary number of feeders was eventually distributed through the room. Drinking tap water was freely available throughout the experiment. Each group of the experimented turkeys was reared from one week old to 12 weeks old under. one of the following stocking densities: 1-Treatment one CEES birds / m’ where the total floor area = 4 m* 2-Treatment two (T2): 6.5 birds / m? where the total floor area = 3.08 m? 3-Treatment three (T3): 8 birds / m? where the total floor area = 2.5 m? . The behavior of the broilers under experiment was observed and recorded. Plasma corticosterone level was estimated. Body weight was calculated and its health status was observed. The obtained results indicated that turkey welfare was poorer at the highest stocking density with a significant reflection on their behavior, blood corticosterone level, body weight and health status. Therefore, stocking density and floor space allowance must put in consideration during rearing of turkeys and construction of their farms. | ||||
Keywords | ||||
Key words: Stocking density; behaviour; productivity; Turkey | ||||
Full Text | ||||
Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 51 No. 104 January 2005 Department of Animal Hygiene, STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF STOCKING DENSITY OF TURKEY BROILERS By cpl Ape Y) Cys Malia) Antically Ayasel) Adis 8G ple Lula cle Apo Y! (ye Aatial) Aalicall'y Apraall ais ptt dul 9 Gyn yas Ay pail) oda Cu pal UgiSline promatiy Aralill cas sll slay dy gi aie alldy Ste Y 28 Ape Yl ye Aatiall Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 51 No. 104 January 2005 This experiment was carried out to study the effect of stocking density Key words: Stocking density, behaviour, productivity, Turkey INTRODUCTION Welfare is a very important matter in poultry industry. Concem NO (Proudfoot and Hulan, 1985). In addition, resting birds may be It is well documented that the final weight of turkey broilers Therefore, the aim of the present study is to focus on the effect of MATERIALS and METHODS I- Birds and housing: - 60 non-beak trimmed, sexed one week old growing turkey II- Experimental design: - Each group of the experimented turkeys was reared from one These stocking densities were chosen according to practical
code for turkeys issued by the agriculture » departments of the United These treatments resulted in the following floor space allowance IIl- Procedures: - The experiment was carried out for 11 consecutive weeks starting The behavior of the broilers under experiment was observed and Behavior was classified into 7 mutually exclusive categories: - Where the bird standing or walking and not performing any other Resting: - Where the bird lying on the litter and not performing any other Feeding: - Where the bird pecking at or eating the food (Denbow et al, Drinking: - Where the bird dipping its beak into water or swallowing Pecking at the environment: - Where the bird pecking or scratching litter, walls, food troughs or Pecking at another bird: - Where the bird pecking the plumage or other tissues of other Preening: - Where the bird nibbling, stroking or combing her plumage with B- Plasma corticosterone concentration: - Estimation of plasma corticosterone level is considered of C- Productivity: - Male and female turkey broilers were weighed by the end of D- Healthy state of the body: - By the end of this experiment, broilers were examined for
IV- Statistical analysis: - RESULTS The results of this study were illustrated in tables 1,2,3 and 4. DISCUSSION I- Stocking density and behavior of turkey broilers: - The data represented in table (1) and assimilated on figure (1) With regard to standing, resting and pecking another bird, the With regard to feeding, drinking, pecking the environment and a finding which agreed with Denbow ef al. (1984); Cunningham ef al. IlI- Stocking density and productivity of turkey broilers: - The data represented in table (3) showed the effect of stocking
IV- Stocking density and health status of turkey broilers: - The data represented in table (4) showed the effect of stocking The higher percentage of the occurrence of foot lesions in CONCLUSION : In conclusion, under the present experimental conditions, REFERENCES Aerni, V.; El-Lethey, H. and Weghster, B. (2000): Effect of foraging and Altmann, J. (1974): Observational study of behaviour: Sampling Blokhuis, H.L. and Van Der Haar, J.W. (1990): The effect of stocking Classen, H.L.; Riddell, C.; Robenson, F-E.; Shand, P.J. and McCurdy, Coleman, J.W. and Leighton, A.T. (1969): The effect of population Cunningham, D.L.; Buhr, R.J. and Mamputu, M. (1992): Beak trimming Dandliker, W.B. and Feigen, G.A. (1970): Quantification of the antigen- Dandliker, W.B. and Saussure, D.V. (1973): Review article: fluorescent Danizer, R. and Mormede, P. (1983): Stress in farm animals : A need for Denbow, D.M.; Lighton, A.T. and Hulet, R.M. (1984): Behavior and Ekstrand, C. and Algers, B. (1997): Rearing conditions and foot-pad FAWC (1992): Report on the welfare of broiler chickens. Government FAWC (1995): Report on the welfare of turkey. Government buildings, Gross, W.B. and Siegel, P.B. (1983): Long term exposure of chickens to Harms, R.H. and Simpson, C. F. (1977): Influence of wet litter and Kjaer, J.B. and Sorensen, P. (1997): Feather pecking behaviour in white
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Item Stocking densities Standing 27.3+£2.1" 40.141.9° §3.3+3.2°
Figures in the same raw with different superscripts differs significantly (p < 0.01)
60 Behavioral activity O71 (Sbirds/sq.m) gT2(6.5birds/sq.m) 13 (8 birds/sq. m) Fig. (1): - Effect of the studied stocking densities on 11
Table 2: Effect of the studied stocking densities on plasma
cet Stocking densities
Figures in the same raw with different superscripts differs significantly (p < 0.01).
Male Female OT1 (5 birds / sq. m) fa T2 (6.5 birds / sq. m) T3 (8 birds / sq. m) Fig. (2): - Effect of the studied stocking densities 12 Table 3: Effect of the studied stocking densities on body weight of growing turkey broilers
Item Stocking densities
Figures in the same raw with different superscripts differs significantly (p < 0.01). Table 4: Effect of the studied stocking densities on the health state of the body of growing turkey broilers
Item Stocking densities
Figures in the same raw with different superscripts differs significantly (p < 0.01). 13 | ||||
References | ||||
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