Comprehensive Selection Criteria for High-Yielding Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Hybrids under Salinity Stress | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Botany | ||||
| Article 9, Volume 61, Issue 3, December 2021, Page 709-730 PDF (2.09 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Regular issue (Original Article) | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejbo.2021.65333.1637 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
Ismael A. Khatab 1; Almoataz Bellah Ali El-Mouhamady  2; Samah A. Mariey3
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| 1Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt | ||||
| 2Department of Genetics and Cytology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki , Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| 3Department of Barley Research, Filed Crop Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| THE MOST important aspect of this investigation was evaluating a set of wheat genotypes with different responses to salt stress while conducting the selection process on the number of spikes/plant, the number of filled grains/spike, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield/plant traits besides, some physiological attributes and related to salinity tolerance such as Na+, K+ contents, Na+/K+ ratio, osmotic adjustment, proline, and glycine betaine contents under control and salinity conditions. The wheat genotypes were divided into two groups according to half diallel analysis. Where, the first one included parents, namely; Sakha 8, Shandweel 1, Masr 1, Giza 171, Sakha 94, Gimeaza 11, and Gimeaza 12, respectively. While the second group was 21 F1 wheat crosses obtained from half diallel crossing among the seven wheat genotypes. Heterosis over better-parent, general, and specific combining ability effects was the most important measurements for all studied traits for both experiments. Further, the seven wheat genotypes and the highest 5 F1 crosses were evaluated for the salinity tolerance indices test using grain yield/plant trait depending on all data estimated for all studied attributes under salt-stress treatment compared to the control experiment. The final results revealed that; parents 1, 2, and 3 besides, the crosses; P1 X P2, P1 X P3, P2 X P3, P2 X P4, and P3 X P4 exhibited a high trend in salinity tolerance under salinity stress treatment compared to the control experiment. Further, the previous wheat genotypes recorded high levels of salinity tolerance indices. SCoT markers determined the hybrids with the highest salinity tolerance indices. Out of nine primers used, only six generated polymorphic bands with 43 polymorphic bands. Therefore, identifying genetic evidence at the molecular level could be used in the future as a taxonomic tool to tolerate salinity in promising wheat genotypes. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Combining ability; Diallel; Heterosis; Physiological markers; Salt indices PCA; SCoT markers; Wheat | ||||
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