Residuals Efficacy of Thiamethoxam and Thiaclopride Soil Applications against Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera; Aleyrodidae) and Their Impact on Soil Microarthropods | ||||
| Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control | ||||
| Article 7, Volume 10, Issue 1, June 2018, Page 69-84 PDF (678.93 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/eajbsf.2018.17021 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
| Wael M. Khamis | ||||
| Dept. of Cotton Pesticides Bioassay Research, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Al Sabhia, Alexandria, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Field studies were carried out to investigate the efficacy of thiamethoxam (TMX) and thiaclopride (THI) via three different types of soil against whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, on tomato seedlings during two successive seasons. Physical and chemical criteria were determined in each of soil type. Results revealed that, the soil types were loamy sand (Al-Maamoura), silt loam (Bangar Al-Sokkar) and clay (Abou-Homous). During 2016 and 2017, clay soil had the highest contents in organic matter (3.43 and 3.48% respectively) and organic carbon (1.99 and 2.03% respectively). The highest mean reduction percentages of whiteflytreated with the TMX in loamy sand soil were 79.35 and 80.12% and in silt loam were 78.39 and 81.60% during 2016 and 2017comparing to clay soil. Likewise, THI had the highest mean reduction percentages during 2016 and 2017 in loamy sand soil (78.06 and 79.88% respectively) and silt loam (77.12 and 78.56% respectively) compared to clay soil. Residuals efficacy of TMX and THI extended to 15 days in loamy sand and silt loam soils compared to 9 days in clay soil during the two seasons and the season of 2016 respectively. During the season of 2017, THI had more extension for a week in the three tested soils. Initial effects against whitefly had a rapid onset on the 3rd day post-treatments of TMX in loamy sand and THI in silt loam and clay soils during the two seasons. Initial effects delayed on the 9th day post treatment of TMX in silt loam soil during season of 2017and in clay soil during the two seasons. Retardations, extended to the 9th day of THI treatment in loamy sand soil during the season of 2017. The efficiencies of TMX and THI via soils of loamy sand and silt loam against whitefly were significantly more than clay soil. Full recovery levels of micro-arthropods revealed at the end of the 7th week in all soil’s depths of loamy sand and silt loam treated with TMX and in loamy sand soil treated with THI during the two seasons. Treated areas of high OM -clay soil failed to reach the recovery levels. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Residuals efficacy; thiamethoxam; thiaclopride; Bemisia tabaci; micro-arthropods | ||||
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