Integrated Control of Some Pests Infesting Pomegranate Trees in Northern Western coast. | ||||
| Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control | ||||
| Article 7, Volume 9, Issue 1, April 2017, Page 59-72 PDF (455.08 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17053 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
| Ali E. A. | ||||
| Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The pomegranate butterfly, Virachola livia (Klug) (Lepidoptera: Lycanidae) is an important pest in pomegranate field conditions in Egypt. The study was conducted during 2014 to 2015. Data revealed that the most effective treatment for suppressing pomegranate butterfly was Lambda as chemical insecticides followed by DiPel 2X and Tracer as bioinsecticides then bagging fruits method with reduction percentage 88.5, 59.1, 45.3 and 36.8 %, respectively for infested fruits. Data showed that the mixture of Super Nano with diatom (100%) and Super Nano with diatom (75%) caused a maximum reduction in pomegranate fruit infestation caused by V. livia compared to control treatment which gave reduction percentage 74.4 & 69.5 % for infested fruits. Super Nano treatment that was used only without any mixtures by diatom was the third treatment, which caused a significant reduction of the infestation which were 64.6, respectively for infested fruits of pomegranate butter fly followed by mixture Super Nano with Diatom 50 % and Super Nano with diatom 25% that gave reduction percentage 59.8 & 51.2% for infested fruits. The data clearly showed a potential effect for the mixture between diatoms 1% with Super Nano 100% followed by diatom 1% with Super Nano in different rates 75%, 50%, 25% and diatom without any mixture compared with the control treatment for infested fruits of pomegranate butterfly. Their reduction percentages were 74.9, 70.2, 66.3, 59.8 and 59.0, respectively for infested fruits of pomegranate butter fly. Data of the interaction between natural products (Super Nano & diatoms) and some rates of recommended dose (100, 75, 50 & 25 %) of Lambda insecticide were observed in plants treated by Super Nano with Lambda 100 % of recommended dose followed by diatom with Lambda 100 % of recommended dose, Super Nano with Lambda 75%, Lambda 100% (without kaolin & diatom), Super Nano with Lambda 50%, diatom with 75% lambda compared with the control treatment. The infestation level of pomegranate butterfly were reduced to 97.0, 91.3 , 84.3 and 73.7 for mixing of Super Nano with lambda rates (100, 75, 50 & 25 % ) and (94.6, 82.0, 72.2 & 63.3) for diatom with lambda rates (100, 75, 50 & 25 % ). The lowest effects were Lambda 25 & 50 % (without kaolin & diatom) and reduced the level of infestation to 27.2 and 37.8. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Lymphoma; Jurkat cell line; Curcumin; Ceramide; apoptosis | ||||
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