INDUCED MUTATIONS FOR IMPROVED YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN BREAD WHEAT USING GAMMA | ||||
Egyptian Journal of Plant Breeding | ||||
Article 11, Volume 24, Issue 4, December 2020, Page 915-926 PDF (572.9 K) | ||||
Document Type: Original research | ||||
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Authors | ||||
S. E. S. Sobieh* 1; Kh. F. Al- Azab2 | ||||
1Plant Res. Dept., Nuclear Res. Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas , Egypt | ||||
2Plant Res. Dept., Nuclear Res. Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inches, Egypt | ||||
Abstract | ||||
Mutations induced by irradiation are widely used for developing new varieties of plants. This study was conducted during the four winter seasons from 2015 / 2 0 1 6 through 2018 / 2 0 1 9 at the experimental station of Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Egypt. The aim of this study was to estimate the magnitude of genetic variability in yield and its attributes, practice visual selection for yield and its components in irradiated bread wheat (line10) with 300Gy and 350Gy of gamma rays in the M2 and M3 generation and evaluation of bread wheat mutations for yield and its components in the M4 generation. The results showed that gamma irradiation dose of 300Gy was more effective in creating genetic variation in quantitative traits in the M2 population of bread wheat (Line 10) as compared to irradiation treatment of 350Gy. High values of genotypic coefficient of variability, heritability and expected genetic advance were found for number of spikes / plant and medium values for 100 - grain weight and no. of grains /spike. Positive and significant correlation coefficient (r=776*) was found between yield and No. of spikes / plant, positive but not significant correlation coefficients between grain yield and No. of grains /spike and 100- grain weight. Results indicated that yield components could be considered useful selection criteria for improving grain yield in wheat. In the M3 progeny test, data indicated that some of the selected plants (high yielding) expressed the traits of their M2 selections. Therefore, they were considered breed true. In M4 generation, family 1 was characterized by a reduced plant height (79.3cm), Family 2 by high number of spikes / plant, long spike, heavy 100- grain weight (6.0g), high number of grains /spike and high grain yield/ plant, Family 3 by high number of spikes / plant, heavy 100- grain weight (6.25g) and high grain yield/ plant, Family 4 by high number of spikes/ plant, heavy 100 - grain weight (6.03g), high number of grains/spike and high grain yield/ plant,but heading was late. Family 5 was characterized by a heavy 100 - grain weight (6.27g). These new families well be tested in further experiments. | ||||
Keywords | ||||
Gamma irradiation; Triticum aestivum; Mutation breeding; Genetic variability; Yield attributes; Correlation analysis | ||||
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