INHERITANCE OF GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN FOUR DURUM WHEAT CROSSES (TRITICUM DURUM L.) | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research | ||||
| Article 22, Volume 89, Issue 1, March 2011, Page 273-289 PDF (527.5 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2011.174016 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
| NADYA A. R. ABDEL-NOUR | ||||
| Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Four experiments were carried out using the seven populations (P1, P2, F1, BC1, BC2, F2 and F3) method to study the genetic make up of four crosses namely: (1) Prico x Beni Swief 3, (2) Beni Swief 3 x Portoroco, (3) Quadrato x Beni Swief 1 and (4) Quadrato x Beni Swief 5. Results indicated significant positive heterosis effects were found for all characters, except for 100-kernel weight (g) in the first and second crosses. Significant positive heterosis were also evident for no. of kernels/spike and kernel weight in the third cross. On the other hand, significant negative heterotic effect was found all characters in the last cross and in no of spikes/plant and grain yield in the third one. Heterotic increase were also evident for no. of spikes/plant and no. of kernels/spike seemed to account for the heterotic yield response observed in the first and second crosses. Inbreeding depression was significant for grain yield in the all crosses, and no. of spikes/plant in the all crosses except the first cross, no. of kernels/spike in the second cross. 100- kernel weight (g) in the last cross. On the other hand significant negative inbreeding depression was also evident for no. of kernels/spike in the last cross. Over dominance towards the higher parent for all characters in the first and second cross except 100-kernel weight. However, partial dominance towards the higher parent was estimated for no. of spikes/plant in the fourth cross and 100-kernel weight in the first and second ones. Meanwhile, partial dominance towards the lower parent was estimated for grain yield in the third and fourth crosses, no. of spikes/plant in the third cross, and for no. of kernels /spike and 100-kernel weight in the last one. F2 deviation (E1), backcross deviation (E2) and F3 deviation (E3) were found to be significant for most of the characters under investigation. Moreover, high to moderate values of heritability estimates were found to be associated with moderate and low genetic advance as percentage of F2 and F3 means in most characters. The additive gene effect (d) in six parameter model and in five parameters model were found to be significant for all characters in all crosses except for no. of spikes/plant and no. of kernels/spike in the second cross (Model 1). Suggesting the potential for obtaining improvements of most of the characters studied. Both dominance and epistais were found to be significant for most of the attributes under investigation. These obtained results indicated that selection for the studied characters could be used in the early generations but would be more effective if postponed to late ones. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| wheat; Crosses; Heterosis; Heritability; Inbreeding depression; Gene action | ||||
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