Incidence of carotid artery insufficiency in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy | ||||
| The Egyptian Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery | ||||
| Article 4, Volume 25, Issue 1, 2019, Page 1-5 | ||||
| Document Type: Free papers | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejcrs.2021.174919 | ||||
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| Abstract | ||||
| Purpose The aim of this work is to study the prevalence of carotid artery insufficiency by ultrasonography parameters in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Alexandria, Egypt, and also to study common carotid artery (CCA) diameter as a newly suggested marker of early carotid insufficiency. Design This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Patients and methods The study included 100 eyes of 50 diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. All were apparently healthy individuals, had nonoperated eyes, and were free of renal insufficiency. Results Diabetic retinopathy correlated with lower CCA-peak systolic velocity, having a mean of 59.4±15.9 cm/s (P=0.020, r=−0.048); higher CCA diameter, having a mean of 7.2±0.09mm(P=0.000, r=0.434); and higher CCA-intima-media thickness (IMT), having a mean of 0.69±0.19mm (P=0.033, r=0.204). Diabetic retinopathy also correlated with higher plaque score (P=0.020) and higher carotid artery stenosis ranging from 4 to 50% (P=0.033). Regarding the symmetry of diabetic retinopathy, 70% of the patients (N=35) had some degree of carotid artery insufficiency (IMT>0.8mm or carotid plaques). Asymmetric diabetic retinopathy was detected in 28 of the 50 patients. We studied the relationship among CCA diameter, CCA-IMT, and symmetry of diabetic retinopathy. Approximately half of the cases in this study (N=24) had larger CCA diameter in the worse eye and 87.5% in asymmetric diabetic retinopathy (P=0.000). Regarding CCA-IMT and symmetry, 40% of the cases in this study (N=20) had larger CCA-IMT in the worse eye and 80% in asymmetric diabetic retinopathy (P=0.005). Conclusion Diabetes seems to be an independent risk factor of carotid artery insufficiency, leading to worsening of diabetic retinopathy even in the absence of other known risk factors of atherosclerosis. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| carotid artery insufficiency; common carotid artery diameter; intima-media thickness proliferative diabetic retinopathy | ||||
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