RATIONALIZE MAIZE IRRIGATION WATER USING MODERN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AND PLASTIC MULCHING IN CLAYEY SOILS OF FAYOUM | ||||
| Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development | ||||
| Article 5, Volume 34, Issue 1, January 2020, Page 42-65 PDF (1.36 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Research articles. | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/fjard.2020.189670 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Abdel-Aal Tolba; Ibrahim Abd El-Aty; Abdel-Razek Mohamed; Abd-Allah Eman | ||||
| Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Using the modern irrigation systems lead to water lost decrease, controlling the quantity and increase crop productivity. The current study aims to evaluate the surface, improved surface and drip irrigation systems to rationalize maize irrigation water in soils. Field experiments were conducted in Sanores District, Fayoum Governorate. The treatments include three irrigation systems (surface, improved surface and drip), three deficit irrigation treatments (100%, 80% and 60% of ETc) and three soil plastic mulching treatments (without, white plastic and black plastic). All treatments were combined in the complete randomized blocks design (spilt –spilt plot) with three replicates. Maize (Zea mays L, variety 321) was planted during two summer seasons (2017 and 2018). Class A Pan was used for estimating the daily ETo values to determine the intervals between irrigation treatments. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected from the experimental field before conducting such treatments. Measurements of maize growth parameters and yield were carried. Some crop water relations of maize were determined. Statistical analysis for the obtained data was performed. Results indicated that the highest values of plant height, cobs No. per plant, cob weight, number of rows per cob, weight of 100 grains and grains yield of maize were coincided with improved surface irrigation system, irrigation treatment (80% of ETc) and black plastic mulching. Also, the highest value of forage weight of maize was recorded with surface irrigation system, irrigation treatment (100% of ETc) and soil black plastic mulching. The mean values of the water consumptive use of maize plants were significantly decreased by 31.26 and 12.10% under drip < br />irrigation compared with surface and improved surface irrigation systems. The mean values of water productivity of maize crop significantly increased by 27.13 and 3.88% under drip irrigation compared with surface and improved surface irrigation systems, respectively. It could be concluded that improved surface irrigation system, irrigation treatment (80% of ETc) and black plastic mulching saved about 20% of the applied irrigation water (about 965 m3 ha-1 ), as well as, the highest grains yield of maize plants in clayey soils under Fayoum conditions. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Water rationalization; improved surface irrigation; drip irrigation; deficit irrigation; soil mulching; maize yield and water productivity | ||||
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