PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE OCCURRENCE OF MYCOTIC AND MYCOTOXIN CONTAMINATION IN AQUACULTURE FEEDS USED IN SAUDI ARABIA | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||||
| Article 2, Volume 11, Issue 2, April 2007, Page 23-42 PDF (1.14 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2007.1932 | ||||
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| Author | ||||
| Adnan Salama | ||||
| Faculty of Marine Science, King Abdel-Aziz University | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The present study was carried out on three kinds of aqua feed used for feeding of marine fishes and shrimp in Fish Farming Center (FFC h Jeddah, Saudi Arabia namely; Grower seabass, Grower tilapia and Grower shrimp. Random feed samples were collected at regular intervals every two weeks for 4 months from the feed storage room. Total mycotic counts, identification of moulds, concentration of aflatoxin and ochratoxin as well as proximate analyses of feeds were determined aad the correlation between them was estimated. Moreover, the storage conditions were monitored all over the period of experiment. Tbe mycological investigation revealed that the grower shrimp diet was more contaminated than the other two types of feeds, where the total mycotic counts reached to 3.666 x 107 cfii/gm after 4 months, while the total mycotic counts reached to 2.867 x 104 cfu/gm and 8.3 * 105 cfu/gm in grower seabass and grower tilapia diets respectively. Aspergillus species were dominant in all kinds of aquafeeds tested in addition :o Mucoraceace fungi in grower seabass feed. The identified Aspergillus $?. were classified into A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. ochraceaus* A. niger asd A. terreus. A. jlavus was predominant in all types of feed in addition to A. fumigatus in grower shrimp, while A. ochraceaus was recorded by L 6 and 7 isolates in grower seabass, grower tilapia and grower shrimp feeds respectively. Aflatoxin and Ochratoxin were increased in concentration by increasing the period of storage which reached 1.91 ±0.11 and 2.£9 ±0.16, 79.0 ±4.7 and 24.60 ±3.21, and 98.55 ±5.20, 66.50 ±5.65 ppb ia grower seabass, grower tilapia and grower shrimp respectively. Tbe proximate analysis of the ratios revealed that the nutritive value decreased after 30 days in grower shrimp diet and after 48 days in grower tilapia diet, while the nutritive value of grower seabass diet was not affected during this investigation. It is worthy; to mention that the storage conditions were more than the suitable levels, even the temperature or humidity as well as moisture contents of the diets. So, we concluded that the aquafeeds should be stored in good and define conditions as well as for a specific period to prevent mycotic contamination and if we need to store them for long period, fungal and its metabolites inhibitors "antifitngal and antimycotoxin" should be added. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Aquaculture; Feeds; mycotoxin; Aflatoxin; OchratoxiiL mycotic counts; Proximate analysis | ||||
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