GENE ACTION AND INHERITANCE OF SOME QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE TRAITS IN THREE BREAD WHEAT CROSSES | ||||
| Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development | ||||
| Article 1, Volume 26, Issue 1, January 2012, Page 1-14 PDF (563.28 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Research articles. | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/fjard.2012.194662 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| S.S. B Morad; H. E . Yassien; A. M. Moussa; A. S.A. Mahmoud | ||||
| Fac. of Agric, Al-Azhar Univ. and **ARC. FCRI. Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The six populations i.e., P1, P2, F1, F2, BCI and BCII of the three crosses (Sids 4 x Sids 1) (Sids 1x Giza 168) and (Giza 168x Gemmeiza 9) were used to estimate genetic variance, gene action, heterosis, inbreeding depression, heritability and genetic advance for the days to heading, days to maturity and plant height as well as yield and its components traits. The experiment was conducted at Sids Agric. Res. Stan. (Beni suef governorate) during the three successive growing seasons 2003 / 2004, 2004 / 2005 and 2005 / 2006.Significant positive heterosis effects relative to mid parent values were obtained for number of spikelets / spike, number of kernels / spike, grain yield / spike and grain yield / plant in the three crosses and for 1000-kernel weight in the 2nd and 3rd cross. Significant negative heterosis effects were found for days to heading, days to maturity and plant height in the three crosses, and for number of spikes / plant in the 2nd cross. Significant negative inbreeding depression were detected for days to heading, days to maturity and number of spikes / plant in the three crosses, for plant height in the 2nd and 3rd crosses and for1000-kernel weight in the 1st and 3rd crosses. Significant positive inbreeding depression were obtained for number of spikelets /spike, number of kernels / spike and grain yield / spike in the three crosses, for 1000-kernel weight in the 2nd cross and for grain yield / plant in the 2nd and 3rd cross. The additive type of gene action was significant either positive or negative for all traits except days to heading, days to maturity and1000-kernel weight in the 3rd cross, plant height, number of spikelets/ spike and grain yield / spike in the 2nd and 3rd crosses and grain yield / plant in the 2nd cross. Dominance effects were significant either positive or negative for all traits except plant height, number of spikelets / spike and 1000-kernel weight in the 3rd cross, number of spikes / plant in the 2nd cross and grain yield / spike in the 1st cross. The additive x additive gene effects were significant for all studied traits except plant height in the 1st and 3rd crosses, number of spikes / plant in the 1st cross as well as number of spikelets / spike and 1000- kernel weight in the 3rd cross. The additive x dominance gene effects exhibited significant for the majority traits except days to heading in the 2nd cross, plant height and number of spikelets / spike and 1000- kernel weight in the 3rd crosses and grain yield / spike in the 2nd and 3rd crosses. The dominance x dominance gene effects were found to be significant either positive or negative for all traits expect plant height in the 3rd cross. High to moderate heritability values in broad sense were detected for most studied traits. Moderate heritability values in narrow sense were detected for most studied traits except tw cases. These results ascertained that both additive and non–additive genetic variance were important in the existence of variability in these traits. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| inheritance; quantitative and qualitative traits; genetic variance; gene action; heterosis | ||||
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