EFFECT OF TWO ALGAE; CYSTOSEIRA BARBATA AND DICTYOTA DICHOTOMA ON DIGESTIVE GLAND OF BIOMPHALARIA ALEXANDRINA SNAILS. | ||||
| Journal of Environmental Science | ||||
| Article 3, Volume 37, Issue 2, March 2017, Page 37-59 PDF (595.6 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jes.2017.19467 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| Saad A. A.1; Ragab, F. M. A.2; Abdel Fatah H. M.3; Abdel-Wareth, Marwa, T.A.2; Ibrahim Nevine, K. | ||||
| 1Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo | ||||
| 2Environmental Researches and Medical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt | ||||
| 3Botany Department, Faculty of science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Schistosomiasis ranks the second amongst parasitic diseases affecting human. To reduce the incidence of this disease, several strategies were applied including snail control. Chemical control methods have many drawbacks, hence biological control became the concern of many studies. In this study, eight algal species were tested against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails; the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni. The bioassay tests revealed that Cystosiera barbata and Dictyota dichotoma were the most effective species, where the LC50 values were 2200 ppm and 560 ppm consequently. Prolonged exposure to LC25 (280 ppm) of D. dichotoma resulted in death of snails after two weeks. In addition, alterations in digestive glands of treated snails with LC5 (220 ppm) and LC25 (280 ppm) of C. barbata and D. dichotoma, respectively were obvious, as vacuolation of digestive cells were recorded after exposure of snails to LC5 of C. barbata. Moreover, exposure of snails to LC25 of D. dichotoma resulted in noticeable vacuolation of digestive cells and degenerated secretory cells; the lumen was nearly disappeared. The maximum elevations in the activities of both aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were observed after 2 weeks of exposure to LC5 (56 ppm) and LC15 (660.7 ppm) of D. dichotoma and C. barbata, respectively. The total protein contents of treated B. alexandrina snails were significantly different from that of control group after 2 weeks of exposure to different concentrations of both effective algae. Testing the sublethal concentrations of both effective algae on the Daphnia pulex showed that LC5 (220 ppm) of C. barbata and LC15 (168 ppm), LC25 (280 ppm) of D. dichotoma were the least harmful to these crustaceans. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| ystoseira barbata; Dictyota dichotoma; Biomphalaria alexandrina; Digestive gland; transaminases; Total protein; biological control | ||||
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