ECONOMICS OF PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT BOTANICAL OILS IN EGYPT | ||||
| Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development | ||||
| Article 15, Volume 24, Issue 1, January 2010, Page 40-54 PDF (537.38 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Research articles. | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/fjard.2010.195667 | ||||
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| Abstract | ||||
| Cotton seed, Soya bean, Sunflower, Peanut and Sesame are considered among the most important botanical oil crops. The average area of the cultivated fields of these crops reached 871,4 thousands acres which represents about 5,89% of the total crops area that is estimated to be 14,8 million feddan during period (2003-2007). The research problem is represented in the permanent and increasing deficiency between the production and the consumption of botanical oils in Egypt. The research aims at shedding light on the economics of production and consumption of botanical oils, possibility to increase production, and attempting to reduce the oils gap which will lead to relief the burdens on the Egyptian balance of payment . This study contains seven sections, the first section studies the cultivated area with oil crops, Through studying the general time trend, it became clear that there is decrease in areas cultivated with cotton, Soya bean and sunflower; with an annual decrease estimated with 8,2,6,3,7,18 thousand feddan consequently. On the other hand, the study shows that there is an increase in the area cultivated with the peanut and sesame with an annual average increase amounting about 824,0,4,6 thousand acres during the period (1991-2007). The second section studies the development of the total production which indicates production decrease of cotton, Soya bean and sunflower. While the production of peanut and sesame increased, which assure that the decrease in the production is due to the decrease of area cultivated with these crops during the study period. The third section deals with the production cost and the farm price As it become clear that the annual increase rate in the production cost per acre for cotton and peanut was higher than the farm price. As it became clear that the annual increase rate in the production cost per feddan for cotton and peanut was higher than the farm price increase rat, that made farmers turn to other competitive crops to the oil crops, The fourth section illustrates this matter ; as it shows that the annual increase rate in the net feddan profit is less than the net profit of the of the comptitve crops. The fifth section studies the production and the consumption of the oil crops, and the gap between them. This oil gap < br />estimated with 48,5,2,8,17,44,2 thousand tons for cotton seeds, Soya bean and sunflower oil. The Sixth section studies the production capacity of botanical oil factories in public and private. This section indicates the increase of the maximum and actual available capacity of the private sector, and its decrease in the public sector. The is due to economical liberalization policies. The seventh section studies the imported quantity of oil crops and the price of that imported crops, this section indicates that there is an increase in the price of the imported oils and their quantity which burden the Egyptian balance of payment. This study illustrates that the decrease of food botanical oil production is resulted from the decrease of the cultivated area. So we should support the farmers and stimulate them to increase the cultivated area by appointing a good and reasonable supply price for submitting their production, provide them with agricultural guides who are specialized in producing oil crops, Moreover, we should employ the unemployed manpower in oil factories of the publie sector. This can be achieved by economize oils consumption in order to minimize the oil gap and to relief burdens on the food commercial balance and Egyptian balance of payment. | ||||
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