A COMPARISON STUDY ON EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON SOME WHEAT CHARACTERISTICS GROWN ON THE NILE ALLUVIAL AND DESERT SANDY SOILS | ||||
| Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development | ||||
| Article 9, Volume 23, Issue 1, January 2009, Page 112-126 PDF (367.51 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Research articles. | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/fjard.2009.197019 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Nader R. Habashy; Laila K.M. Ali; Mostafa H. Abd El Salam | ||||
| Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Two field experiments were conducted during a winter growing season of 2007 on two soil types of newly reclaimed and ancient agricultural areas, however, their soils having different origins and characteristics (i.e., desert sandy soil calcareous in nature at Noubaria area and the Nile alluvial clayey one at Gemaiza Agric. Exp. Station) to evaluate the effect of organic compost (as a source of N-organic) on availability and uptake of essential nutrients and their positively effects on plant growth and nutritional status at different physiological stages of wheat (Triticum aestivum, Sakha 69 c.v.) as well as yield and its components. However, a partial 20 % of N-mineral was substituted by N-organic manure derived from composted corn stalks and broad bean straw as compared to applying 100 % N-mineral fertilizer in form of ammonium sulphate (20.6 % N). The obtained data show that the applied composted plant residues increased dry matter yield of wheat plants at all physiological stages under study in both the studied soil types. Also, the application of composted plant materials was achieved as a superiority effect on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by wheat plants. The grain quality as a function of total protein and carbohydrates was also superior affected by the applied composted plant residues, particularly in case of composted broad bean straw under the conditions of the studied two soil types. That was discursive, since a partial N-mineral mineral substitution by N-organic manure plays an important role for maximizing the biological yield of wheat (straw and grain yields) as well as grain quality. This is mainly due to such agro-management practice is not only partially capable to retain nutrients in soil for a long-term use, but also leads to improve soil properties which encouraging the availability, mobility and uptake of nutrients by growing plants. Consequently, the field experiments under study emphasized the importance of organic fertilization for either sandy or clayey soils, due to assess N, P and K availability in soils as well as their mobility and easily uptake by plant roots as affected by the applied composted plant materials. Taking into consideration the nutrients enrichment of clayey soil, the rate of availability and uptake of nutrients in sandy soil was more clearly obvious, probably due to the soil media have no restrictive agents. An economical evaluation was performed for the partial N-mineral mineral substitution by N-organic manure (20 % of N-mineral), by using the composted plant residues as related to the full dose of N-mineral fertilizer, which showed that those of low C/N ratio such as composted broad bean had a relatively superior profitability. Actual net profit of applied fertilizers appeared to be no pronounced differences in both soil types. This may be due to the easily losses of N-mineral fertilizer by either volatilization or leaching from a soil calcareous in nature and relatively coarse in texture, and in turn this reason may be attributed with external conditions. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Composted plant residues; nutritional status of wheat; available NPK in soil; Nile alluvial and sandy soils | ||||
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